This Italian reference grammar provides students, teachers and others interested in the Italian language with a comprehensive, accessible and jargon-free guide to the forms and structure of Italian. Whatever their level of knowledge of the language, learners of Italian will find this book indispensable: it gives clear and detailed explanations of everything from the most elementary facts such as the relation between spelling and pronunciation, or the forms of the article, to more advanced points such as the various nuances of the subjunctive. Formal or archaic discourse is distinguished from informal, everyday usage, and regionalisms are also indicated where appropriate. The authors have taken care to make it an easy and illuminating reference tool: extensive cross-referencing enables readers to quickly find the information they require, and also stimulates them to discover new, related facts.
This book aims to provide a comprehensiveworkofreference for learners of Italian
whose native languageisEnglish,orwhopossess a very good knowledge of
English. It is not intended as a course in Italian grammar, but it is meant to be
accessible to all learners of Italian, whatever their level of knowledge of the
language. So a beginner who needs to check the distinction between the forms
ofthearticleil and lo should find this book as useful asanadvanced learnerwhois
interested, say, ...
In 1963 President John F. Kennedy was shot, Sylvia Plath published The Bell Jar, and the Beatles were in their prime. This was a changing world, which British and Irish writers both contributed to and reflected in drama, poetry and prose. The Routledge Guide to Modern English Writing tells the story of British and Irish writing from 1963 to the present. From the first performance of Tom Stoppard's Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead in the 1960s to lad novels and Chick Lit in the twenty-first century, the authors guide the reader through the major writers, genres and developments in English writing over the past forty years. Providing an in-depth overview of the main genres and extensive treatment of a wide range of writers including Philip Larkin, Ted Hughes, Angela Carter, Benjamin Zephaniah and Nick Hornby, this highly readable handbook also offers notes on language issues, quotations from selected works, a timeline and a guide to other works. Written by the authors of The Routledge History of Literature in English (second edition, 2001), The Routledge Guide to Modern English Writing is essential reading for all readers of contemporary writing.
Rough Music (2000) is his most accomplished, containing two of the things he
handles hest - a family with a gay component, and CornwalL The Facts of Life (
1995f6) is a setious story with a profoundly gay theme, and Tree Surgery for
Beginners (1998) an ambitious comedy of identity and sexuality which travels the
world. His eatlier novels tend to be lighter in tone, but presage the deeper
handling of themes in his current work. His first novel, The Aerodynamics of Pork
(1986), has a ...
Modern languages are taught to young learners at an increasingly early age, yet few publications focus on what is available to children in different contexts and classrooms. This book represents the state-of-the-art in research on young language learners. Covering a range of languages, contexts and research methods, it provides insights into how young learners progress.
Research questions The research questions addressed in this chapter relate to
the pupils' thinking and motivation for learning English. They are as follows: (1)
What do pupils think helps or hinders them most while learning English? (2) What
do pupils think the aims of learning and knowing English are at different stages in
their lives? (3) Is there a difference between the perceptions of early beginners
and late beginners? Participants The participants in this study are young learners
of ...
New Oxford English Grammar is Oxford's brand new and definitive guide to grammar usage. This book has been written by a leading expert in the field, covers both British and American English, and makes use of the unrivalled language monitoring of Oxford's English Dictionaries programme. Arranged in three clear parts for ease of use, its comprehensive coverage ranges from the very basic to the most complex aspects of grammar, all of which are explained clearly and engagingly. This descriptive source of reference is invaluable for those with an interest in the English language, undergraduate students of all disciplines, and for anyone who would like a clear guide to English grammar and how to use it.
For general introductions to English linguistics, see Crystal (2003), and the
chapters in Aarts and McMahon (2006). On grammar and grammar writing, see
Leitner (1986), Michael (1970), and Linn (2006). On the history of prescriptivism,
see Crystal (2006). Apart from Quirk et al. (1985) and Huddleston and Pullum et
al. (2002), some wellknown modern grammars of English are Jespersen (1909–
1949), Poutsma (1914–1929), H. E. Palmer (1924), Kruisinga (1932), Zandvoort (
1945), ...
This collection reflects Minoji Akimoto's concern with studies of change in English that are theoretically-informed, but founded on substantial bodies of data. Some of the contributors focus on individual texts and text-types, among them literature and journalism, others on specific periods, from Old English to the nineteenth century, but the majority trace a linguistic process - such as negation, passivisation, complementation or grammaticalisation - through the history of English. While several papers take a fresh look at manuscript evidence, the harnessing of wideranging electronic corpora is a recurring feature methodologically. The linguistic fields treated include word semantics, stylistics, orthography, word-order, pragmatics and lexicography. The volume also contains a bibliography of Professor Akimoto's writings and an index of linguistic terms.
Meiko Matsumoto Semantic Shifts in the Development of Color Terms in English
1. Introduction The color terms green and blue have undergone interesting
semantic shifts in the course of their development. In discussing the use of these
terms in the Middle Ages, Johan Huizinga (1954 [1924]: 271) argues that "the
relative rarity of blue and of green must not be simply ascribed to an aesthetic
predilection. [. . .] They were the special colours of love. Blue signified fidelity;
green, amorous ...
This book analyses speech-related genres in Early Modern English, providing ideas of what spoken interaction in earlier times might have been like.
... routines, regular adjacency pairs, the role of narrative, making requests,andso
on. This hasenabledusto highlightdiachronicshifts in detail. For example, 140
Early Modern English Dialogues LIII LIV.
An Introduction to Early Modern English, helps students of English and linguistics to place the language of the period 1500-1700 in its historical context as a language with a common core but also one which varies across time, regionally and socially, and according to register. The volume focuses on the structure of what contemporaries called the General Dialect--its spelling, vocabulary, grammar and punctuation--and on its dialectal origins. The book also discusses the language situation and linguistic anxieties in England at a time when Latin exerted a strong influence on the rising standard language.
2.1 Range of evidence Early Modern English provides the modern student with
much ampler textual and metalinguistic materials than any earlier period. For the
first time, we have contemporary analyses of the pronunciation, grammar and
vocabulary of English, and can read descriptions of its regional and social
varieties in teaching manuals and textbooks of different kinds. All this information
is valuable in that it gives the modern reader and researcher a window on the
period and its ...
Fully revised and updated, the second edition of this authoritative guide is a comprehensive, scholarly and systematic review of modern English. In one volume the book presents a description of both the linguistic structure of present-day English and its geographical, social, gender, and ethnic variations. Covering new developments such as the impact of email on language and corpus-based grammars, this accessible text has been extensively rewritten and brings the survey of modern English right up to date. It also offers new examples and suggestions for further reading.
This chapter deals with the phonology of English together with a certain degree
of phonetic detail and the essentials of English orthography. Naturally, a
treatment of this length cannot take the place of a textbook in phonetics and
phonology or a manual of spelling. lts aim is rather to present fundamental and
systematic characteristics of, as well as tendencies in, the development of
English pronunciation and to give the principles of English spelling in outline. 4.1
THE PHONOLOGY OF ...
