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Atlas Perang Salib

"Bangsa kita memang sudah melampaui batas dalam menumpahkan darah di Haikal Sulaiman hingga mayat yang bergelimpangan terendam dalam takungan darah. Tangan-tangan dan kaki mayat seakan-akan berenang, sedangkan askar Salib sendiri tidak sanggup mencium bau yang keluar daripada mayat!" (Gustave Le Bon, sejarawan Perancis) "Pada ketika Al-Quds jatuh, sebahagian daripada pasukan Salib menganggap orang Islam menelan kepingan emas yang mereka miliki. Mereka mengoyak perut orang Islam yang sudah dibunuh bagi mencari kepingan emas itu. Ketika menyedari mereka memerlukan masa yang lama bagi mengoyak perut setiap mayat, mereka mengumpulkan mayat-mayat itu secara sekaligus dan membakarnya. Apabila api padam, baru mereka mengorek abu mayat yang mereka bakar itu bagi mencari kepingan emas yang mereka sangka ditelan oleh orang Islam." (Raymond de Keller, sejarawan Kristian) Perang Salib adalah peristiwa berdarah paling menyayat hati yang berlaku antara umat Islam dan Kristian. Perang yang berlaku hampir 200 tahun ini meninggalkan kesan yang begitu mendalam dalam peradaban dunia. Buku Atlas Perang Salib karya Sami bin Abdullah Al-Maghluts memaparkan secara terperinci perihal setiap siri Perang Salib. Malahan, dipadatkan lagi dengan himpunan peta dan gambar berwarna.

Akhirnya, Paus mengeluarkan maklumat tentang Perang Suci bagi merampas
Tanah Suci daripada tangan orang Islam. Maklumat perang itu dihebahkan oleh
Paus Urbanus II dalam Perhimpunan Clermont pada tahun 1095M. Ini terus ...

Handbook of Translation Studies

Moreover, many items in the reference lists are hyperlinked to the TSB, where the user can find an abstract of a publication. All articles (between 500 and 6000 words) are written by specialists in the different subfields and are peer-reviewed. Last but not least, the usability, accessibility and flexibility of the "HTS" depend on the commitment of people who agree that Translation Studies does matter. All users are therefore invited to share their feedback. Any questions, remarks and suggestions for improvement can be sent to the editorial team

For instance, legal translation can be categorised into the following classes
according to the subject matter of the SL texts: (1) translating domestic statutes
and international treaties; (2) translating private legal documents; (3) translating
legal ...

Translation

Theory and Practice, Tension and Interdependence

This book is a collection of articles which highlight the fact that good translation theory is based on information gained from practice. At the same time, good practice is based on carefully worked-out theory. The two are interdependent. The authors who have contributed are persons who know the importance of both theory and practice and the tension between the two. They are not only translators but also have long experience in training others. The articles cover a wide variety of topics grouped in five sections. The first presents four graphic descriptions of what happens when one translates. The second looks at aspects of the application of theory from the backgrounds of European and Asian translation practices. The third has excellent articles which apply theory to the fields of poetry, opera, drama, and humor. The fourth section provides four ways of putting theory into practice. The fifth gives language specific examples and the last section deals with the application of theory and practice to teaching in an academic context.

MARILYN GADDIS ROSE When we translate at our peak pace—cheerily
keyboarding some congenial source-language text into our native language—the
translation process may seem nearly automatic. We insert a nice compact disk
into our ...

Translation and Cultural Change

Studies in History, Norms, and Image Projection

History tells us that translation plays a part in the development of all cultures. Historical cases also show us repeatedly that translated works which had real social and cultural impact often bear little resemblance to the idealized concept of a 'good translation'. Since the perception and reception of translated works — as well as the translation norms which are established through contest and/or consensus — reflect the concerns, preferences and aspirations of their host cultures, they are never static or homogenous even within a given culture. This book is dedicated to exploring some of the factors in the interplay of culture and translation, with an emphasis on translation activities outside the Anglo-European tradition, particularly in China and Japan.

Translating. the. concept. of. 'identity'. Eva Richter and Bailin Song City University
of New York Introduction In 1987 author Eva Richter was teaching at Hebei
Teacher's University in Shi- jiazhuang, China, and reading a somewhat abstruse
 ...

Tapping and Mapping the Processes of Translation and Interpreting

Outlooks on Empirical Research

This volume brings together cognitive psychologists who look at process phenomena from various linguistic vantage points. It examines simultaneous interpreting, methodology, how to glean information from data, and particular features of the processes of translation.

RIITTA JAASKELAINEN Savonlinna School of Translation Studies University
ofJoensuu, Finland Introduction Think-aloud protocol (TAP) studies into
translating have borrowed their data elicitation method (i.e. thinking aloud) from
cognitive ...

Anwarul Qur'an Juz 'Amma

Tafsir - Terjemah - Inggris - Arab - Latin

Suatu kali seorang perempuan mendatangi Nabi s.a.w. untuk mendapatkan makanan, karena mereka lapar. Siti Aisyah r.a., isteri Nabi s.a.w., memberinya sebiji kurma, karena pada saat itu dia tak mempunyai makanan yang lainnya lagi untuk diberikan. Perempuan itu membagi dua kurmanya dan memberikannya kepada kedua anak perempuannya. Dia sendiri tetap menahan lapar. Kemudian Hazrat Aisyah r.a. memberitahukan hal itu kepada Nabi s.a.w. betapa sang ibu menunjukkan kasihnya kepada anak-anaknya. Nabi s.a.w. lalu bersabda: ”Aku bersaksi demi Dzat Yang kehidupanku ditangan-Nya bahwa kasih Allah kepada makhluk-Nya jauh lebih besar daripada yang ditunjukkan ibu itu kepada anak-anaknya”. Dzat Yang menanamkan kasih-sayang di dalam hati seorang ibu pastinya memiliki kasih yang sungguh jauh lebih besar kepada hamba-hamba-Nya. Allah adalah Rabb dan Pemberi Kecukupan yang sejati dari manusia. Demikianlah sekelumit tafsir Anwarul Quran yang ada di dalam surat An-nas. Masih banyak untian-untaian mutiara hikmah lainnya yang bisa kita dapatkan dibuku ini. *** akan tetapi sepanjang pendapatan penyelidikan saya, selamat ia daripada paham kebendaan (materialisme) dan daripada paham “ke-aqlian” (rationalisme), paham keghaiban (mistik), yang menyimpang daripada iman dan taukhid Islam yang benar. Tegasnya terpelihara ia daripada kesesatan Dahriyah, Mu’tazilah dan Batiniyah. — H. Agus Salim, Tokoh Pahlawan Nasional Ini adalah tafsir yang menggugah yang memperbaharui lagi dan memperkuat iman serta mengilhami kecintaan kepada Qur’an dalam hati para pembacanya. Setiap orang yang membaca tafsir itu menemukan iman dan cahaya baru berkenaan dengan eksistensi Allah dan hakekat ganjaran serta hukuman dalam kehidupan akhirat. —Maulana Muhammad Ali, penulis Tafsir Qur’an Suci

Sungguh, tak ada cobaan atau kesulitan yang lebih besar selain memberikan
pertanggung-jawaban atas amal perbuatan kita. Para pegawai negeri sipil dari
berbagai departemen pemerintah bisa memberi kesaksian atas cobaan berat di
 ...

Synthesizing Research on Language Learning and Teaching

This volume presents the first collection of work on research synthesis in applied linguistics. It introduces readers­ ­to a cutting-edge approach for reviewing and summarizing exactly what accumulated research has to say about theoretical and practical subjects. John Norris and Lourdes Ortega first elucidate the value and practice of synthesis, and they challenge all members of the research community to adopt a “synthetic ethic”. The book then features seven empirical syntheses, each modeling rigorous synthetic practice in definitively reviewing the state of knowledge and research quality in important domains. Included are five meta-analyses on: Universal Grammar; Task-Based Interaction; Corrective Feedback; Instructed Pragmatics Development; and Reading Strategy Training. Also included are a qualitative meta-synthesis on Effective Teaching for English Language Learners, and a historiographical synthesis of Proficiency Assessment practices. Rounding out the collection are commentaries by two renowned experts in language learning and teaching research: Nick Ellis and Craig Chaudron.

Reading. Strategy. Training. on. L2. reading. comprehension. A. meta-analysis.
Alan Taylor, John R. Stevens, and J. William Asher Brigham Young University-
Idaho / Utah State University/ Purdue University A number of studies have been ...

The Rise of Functional Categories

In recent years, word order has come to be seen, within a Government Binding/Minimalist framework, as determined by functional as well as lexical categories. Within this framework, functional categories are often seen as present in every language without evidence being available in that language. This book contains arguments that even though Universal Grammar makes functional categories available, the language learner must decide whether or not to incorporate them in his or her grammar. For instance, it is shown that English has one (not two as often assumed) functional category between the complementizer and the Negation, but that languages such as Dutch, Swedish, German and Old and Middle English have none. The title of the book can be seen in terms of the direction current research is taking; it can also be seen in terms of the changes that have taken place in English.

This book contains arguments that even though Universal Grammar makes functional categories available, the language learner must decide whether or not to incorporate them in his or her grammar.

A History of the English Language

Revised edition

The English language in its complex shapes and forms changes fast. This thoroughly revised edition has been refreshed with current examples of change and has been updated regarding archeological research. Most suggestions brought up by users and reviewers have been incorporated, for instance, a family tree for Germanic has been added, Celtic influence is highlighted much more, there is more on the origin of Chancery English, and internal and external change are discussed in much greater detail. The philosophy of the revised book remains the same with an emphasis on the linguistic history and on using authentic texts. My audience remains undergraduates (and beginning graduates). The goals of the class and the book are to come to recognize English from various time periods, to be able to read each stage with a glossary, to get an understanding of typical language change, internal and external, and to understand something about language typology through the emphasis on the change from synthetic to analytic. This book has a companion website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/z.183.website

This book has a companion website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/z.183.website

Grammaticalization as Economy

This book provides much detail on the changes involving the grammaticalization of personal and relative pronouns, topicalized nominals, complementizers, adverbs, prepositions, modals, perception verbs, and aspectual markers. It accounts for these changes in terms of two structural economy principles. Head Preference expresses that single words, i.e. heads, are used to build structures rather than full phrases, and Late Merge states that waiting as late as possible to merge, i.e. be added to the structure, is preferred over movement. The book also discusses grammar-external processes (e.g. prescriptivist rules) that inhibit change, and innovations that replenish the grammaticalized element. Most of the changes involve the (extended) CP and IP: as elements grammaticalize clause boundaries disappear. Cross-linguistic differences exist as to whether the CP, IP, and VP are all present and split and this is formulated as the Layer Principle. Changes involving the CP are typically brought about by Head Preference, whereas those involving the IP and VP by Late Merge.

This book provides much detail on the changes involving the grammaticalization of personal and relative pronouns, topicalized nominals, complementizers, adverbs, prepositions, modals, perception verbs, and aspectual markers.