Information, while always a critical element of warfare, is quickly becoming decisive in present day conflicts. While the use of this information can take many forms, one area where the discussion of information's impact on conflict has been delinquent is in the art of deception. Hizballah and Israel serve as the perfect backdrop to examine the effects of deception in current conflicts. While Israel has always maintained a hard power advantage through its military might and prowess, Hizballah looked for other ways to level the playing field. The use of information in supporting deception, which has been a key enabler for the weaker side, became one of the answers to redressing the military balance.This paper will demonstrate that Hizballah, fighting an asymmetric conflict with Israel, used deception very effectively in their defense of southern Lebanon during the 2006 Summer War; this use of deception significantly offset many of Israel's hard power advantages. It will also show that Hizballah's use of information technologies greatly enhanced their ability to wield deception. Finally, this paper will address the interrelation of various information activities and the need to maintain consolidation of these activities for planning and execution on the modern battlefield.CHAPTER I - INTRODUCTION * CHAPTER II - DECEPTION DEFINED * A. INTRODUCTION * B. DECEPTION EXPLORED * C. GENERAL FRAMEWORK * D. THE MECHANICS OF DECEPTION * E. RELATED ACTIVITIES * F. METHODOLOGY * G. CONCLUSION * CHAPTER III - HISTORY AND ORGANIZATION OF HIZBALLAH * A. INTRODUCTION * B. LEBANON: MODERN HISTORY * C. THE CREATION AND RISE OF HIZBALLAH * 1. The Early Years * 2. The "Lebanonization Process" * 3. Hizballah Today * D. HIZBALLAH'S ORGANIZATION * 1. Overview * 2. Chain of Command * 3. Support Organizations * a. Combat Organ * b. Enforcement, Recruitment and Propaganda Organ * c. Holy Reconstruction Organ * d. Security Organ * E. CONCLUSION * CHAPTER IV - DECEPTION IN THE 2006 SUMMER CONFLICT * A. INTRODUCTION * B. BACKGROUND * C. HIZBALLAH'S DENIAL OPERATIONS * D. THE BUNKERS * E. ELECTRONIC WARFARE BLUFF * F. MEDIA & THE BATTLE OF THE STORY * G. HIJACKING THE INTERNET * H. CONCLUSION * CHAPTER V - CONCLUSION * A. RE-EXAMINING DECEPTION IN THE INFORMATION AGE * B. LINKAGES BETWEEN INFORMATION OPERATION CAPABILITIES * C. AREAS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH * 1. Application of These Deception Criteria to Other information Age Conflicts * 2. Examination of the Relationship Between Psychological Operations and Deception * 3. Deception in Computer Network Operations * 4. The Role of Non-Combatants in Information Age Conflicts * D. CONCLUSION
Security Organ * E. CONCLUSION * CHAPTER IV - DECEPTION IN THE 2006 SUMMER CONFLICT * A. INTRODUCTION * B. BACKGROUND * C. HIZBALLAH'S DENIAL OPERATIONS * D. THE BUNKERS * E. ELECTRONIC WARFARE BLUFF * F. MEDIA & THE BATTLE OF THE STORY * G ...
Oleh karena itu, guru atau pamong seni rupa harus memiliki kemampuan mendidik untuk mencapai tujan tersebut. ... Ketinggalan dalam kreativitas dan
apresiasi seni dari anak-anak dan kawula muda juga disebabkan karena
kurangnya ...
Terkait permasalahan diatas, untuk mendukung peningkatan pelayanan kepada
masyarakat akan informasi ketenagaan kerja yang legal, Dinas Tenaga kerja
Prop. Jawa Timur sebagai unsur pelaksanaan Pemerintahan Propinsi Jawa
Timur ...
20 SECOND CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE MOVEMENT During the time when Gandhi
was on the high seas and the civil disobedience movement was under
suspension, the governmental authorities bestowed considerable thought to the
question ...
On his passport he was Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. The poet Rabindranath Tagore gave him the title ‘Mahatma’- the great soul- but he was rather uncomfortable with that. Nelson Mandela calls him a ‘sacred warrior’; others describe him as the ‘the saint of the spinning wheel’ and we now declare him as our ‘Father of the Nation’. A courageous freedom fighter; a shrewd politician; a passionate social reformer and a staunch nationalist; Mahatma Gandhi was all this and much more. He was the most unusual leader this country has seen; and one of the most influential personalities whose name is synonymous with India’s independence. He was the one who touched the lives of millions; whose ideals of satyagraha and ahimsa inspired great leaders of the world; and who could make the entire country come to a halt by going on a fast. Through a vivid narrative; author Subhadra Sen Gupta recreates the life and legacy of this phenomenal leader to portray the man beneath the simple handspun clothes; who ate saltless vegetables and bitter neem chutney; who greeted kings and paupers alike; who walked 240 miles at the age of sixty to break the Salt Law; and whose entire life was dedicated to truth and to peace. Even today as we read inspirational accounts of Gandhiji’s life and talk of gandhigiri; we know that his ideals are alive and relevant to today’s generation.
catatan dan refleksi Dompet Dhuafa Iqbal Setyarso ... sementara dan hanya
memberi santunan yang berjangka pendek, tapi mengandung advokasi dan
agenda perubahan untuk mengatasi masalah kaum dhuafa dalam jangka
panjang.
