Sebanyak 708 item atau buku ditemukan

Understanding Communication in Second Language Classrooms

An integrated view of communication in second language classrooms that acknowledges the importance of what teachers and students bring to the class environment. Drawing on actual classroom transcripts from a range of instructional settings, Johnson constructs a conceptual framework through which teachers can recognize how patterns of classroom communication are established and maintained, how these patterns affect students' participation in classroom events, and how their participation shapes the ways they use language for learning and their opportunities for second language acquisition. Relevant research is presented from the areas of classroom discourse, language in communities, teacher cognition, classroom learning, and second language acquisition.

English as well as the rejection of government-mandated attempts to enforce
Afrikaans, the language of the white ... tend to develop a strong working
knowledge of English grammar and vocabulary, but are much less capable of
using English ...

Feedback in Second Language Writing

Contexts and Issues

How to provide appropriate feedback to students on their writing has long been an area of significance to teachers & educators. This text provides scholarly articles on the topic which explore topics such as the socio-cultural assumptions that participants bring to the writing class; feedback delivery & negotiation systems; & more.

The purpose of these tools is to encourage learners to look up language patterns
and other information in online resources as they write and revise and to help
teachers guide their students in using these resources effectively as writing aids.

First and Second Language Acquisition

Parallels and Differences

Infants and very young children develop almost miraculously the ability of speech, without apparent effort, without even being taught - as opposed to the teenager or the adult struggling without, it seems, ever being able to reach the same level of proficiency as five year olds in their first language. This useful textbook serves as a guide to different types of language acquisition: monolingual and bilingual first language development and child and adult second language acquisition. Unlike other books, it systematically compares first and second language acquisition, drawing on data from several languages. Research questions and findings from various subfields are helpfully summarized to show students how they are related and how they often complement each other. The essential guide to studying first and second language acquisition, it will be used on courses in linguistics, modern languages and developmental psychology.

2.1 Universal Grammar and the LAD The gift for language which manifests itself
in the effortless acquisition of language by toddlers can safely be qualified as a
species-specific endowment of humans. In fact, it enables children to develop a ...

Educating Second Language Children

The Whole Child, the Whole Curriculum, the Whole Community

This text brings together the work of 15 elementary education experts who support an integrative approach to educating second language children. The paperback edition is a collection of articles from fourteen elementary education experts who espouse an integrative approach to second language education - one that goes beyond language teaching methodology - to cover a wide range of issues affecting the academic and social success of language minority children. The volume deals not only with second language development, but with the development of the whole child. Rather than focusing on language instruction, it addresses the entire curriculum, and instead of restricting itself to classroom learning, it examines the role of the school, family, and community.

Cindy Pease-Alvarez and Olga Vasquez For the last three decades a growing
number of researchers and educators interested in language development have
focused on the connections that exist between language and culture. This
interest ...

The Cambridge Guide to Second Language Assessment

"The Cambridge Guide to Second Language Assessment aims to present in one volume an up-to-date guide to the central areas of assessing the second language performance of English by speakers of other languages. This volume provides snapshots of significant issues and trends that have shaped language assessment in the past and highlights the current state of our understanding of these issues"--

Language tests are used for many purposes and in many contexts and are often
the basis for high-stakes decision making. Language test scores are used to
make many types of decisions about people and programs. They are used to
screen, ...

Exploring the Dynamics of Second Language Writing

The book addresses issues in the field of teaching academic writing to non-native speakers. This book provides a series of discussions about multiple aspects of second language writing, presenting chapters that collectively address a range of issues that are important to new teachers at the post-secondary level. The 13 chapters provide scholarly visions, insight, and interpretation, oriented toward explaining the field of teaching academic writing to non-native speakers. The book is designed to provide foundational content-knowledge in this area, with each chapter authored by recognized experts in the field. In addition to helping train new teachers, the book will serve as an updated reference book for practicing teachers and scholars to consult.

The underlying premise of the field is that any given language is likely to have
written texts that are constructed using identifiable discourse features, and these
features may differ across languages or be coded using different linguistic ...

Spanish Second Language Acquisition

State of the Science

Spanish Second Language Acquisition provides a panoramic overview of previous studies on the acquisition of Spanish as a second or foreign language, the theoretical approaches used in these studies, and the effects of various pedagogical approaches on the development of Spanish interlanguage systems. Barbara Lafford and Rafael Salaberry have compiled the first volume to provide a comprehensive critical overview of the research done and data compiled on how adults acquire Spanish as a second language. Major scholars in the field of SLA have contributed chapters having to do with a wide range of "products" (phonology, tense/aspect, subjunctive, clitics, lexicon, discourse/pragmatics) and "processes" (generative, cognitive and sociocultural theories) involved in the acquisition process-concluding with a discussion of the effects of instruction on Spanish interlanguage development. While being an invaluable reference tool for undergraduate and graduate programs that focus on the acquisition of Spanish as a second language, due to the extraordinary range of the review research on theoretical and methodological issues, this is also an extremely useful volume for second language theoreticians and practitioners involved in all aspects of the pedagogy of other second languages. It is the editors' desire that students, teachers, program administrators and scholars alike will benefit from the insights that the contributors bring to the myriad issues that language professionals confront.

Sociocultural theory is concerned with the relationship between language and
mind and is based principally on the work of the Russian psychologist L. S.
Vygotsky. One of the principal claims of the theory is that language activity,
including ...

Second Language Acquisition and Universal Grammar

This authoritative 2003 textbook provides a linguistic perspective on second language acquisition.

As a number of researchers have pointed out, theories of language acquisition
must explain both properties of linguistic representations (the form and nature of
the grammar) and transition or development (how and why grammars change ...

The Second Language Curriculum

Issues of language curriculum development underlied the planning and implementation of language teaching programmes. These papers argue for the process to be made explicit and deal with curriculum planning, specification of ends and means, programme implementation and classroom implementation.

Chapter 13, Seeing the wood AND the trees: some thoughts on language
teaching analysis, by H. H. Stern, appeared in its original form on pp. 319-4 of M.
Heid (Ed.) Kommunikation im Klassenzimmer: Protokall eines
Werkstattgesprachs des ...

Mind and Context in Adult Second Language Acquisition

Methods, Theory, and Practice

How do people learn nonnative languages? Is there one part or function of our brains solely dedicated to language processing, or do we apply our general information-processing abilities when learning a new language? In this book, an interdisciplinary collaboration of scholars and researchers presents an overview of the latter approach to adult second language acquisition and brings together, for the first time, a comprehensive picture of the latest research on this subject. Clearly organized into four distinct but integrated parts, Mind and Context in Adult Second Language Acquisition first provides an introduction to information-processing approaches and the tools for students to understand the data. The next sections explain factors that affect language learning, both internal (attention and awareness, individual differences, and the neural bases of language acquisition) and external (input, interaction, and pedagogical interventions). It concludes by looking at two pedagogical applications: processing instruction and content based instruction. This important and timely volume is a must-read for students of language learning, second language acquisition, and linguists who want to better understand the information-processing approaches to learning a non-primary language. This book will also be of immense interest to language scholars, program directors, teachers, and administrators in both second language acquisition and cognitive psychology.

HEIDI BYRNES KEY WORDS Advanced-level competence • content-based
instruction (CBI) discourse * extended curricula * foreign languages across the
urriculum form-meaning connections genre * grammar anguage across the
curriculum ...