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Primality Testing for Beginners

How can you tell whether a number is prime? What if the number has hundreds or thousands of digits? This question may seem abstract or irrelevant, but in fact, primality tests are performed every time we make a secure online transaction. In 2002, Agrawal, Kayal, and Saxena answered a long-standing open question in this context by presenting a deterministic test (the AKS algorithm) with polynomial running time that checks whether a number is prime or not. What is more, their methods are essentially elementary, providing us with a unique opportunity to give a complete explanation of a current mathematical breakthrough to a wide audience. Rempe-Gillen and Waldecker introduce the aspects of number theory, algorithm theory, and cryptography that are relevant for the AKS algorithm and explain in detail why and how this test works. This book is specifically designed to make the reader familiar with the background that is necessary to appreciate the AKS algorithm and begins at a level that is suitable for secondary school students, teachers, and interested amateurs. Throughout the book, the reader becomes involved in the topic by means of numerous exercises.

are common (e.g., in English, “e” and “t”, or “th” and “he”) and can try to find these
in the ciphertext. The more encrypted messages we have intercepted, the better
this methods works since the probability rises that letters will really be distributed
 ...

How to Write a Grant Proposal

Step-by-step guidance on how to write effective grants that get the funding you need. Complete with examples of fully-completed proposals, you'll also get an easy-to-use companion website containing guide sheets and templates that can be easily downloaded, customized, and printed. The authors provide examples of completed proposals and numerous case studies to demonstrate how the grant-seeking process typically works. Order your copy today!

Annual report...for the year[s] 1891-[1896] 1892-1897. (Bulletin, no. 30, 72-74, 80, 81). Columbia. 1892. (Bulletin, no. 33). The Republic of Guatemala. 1897. (Bulletin no. 68)

The sender will, at the time of mailing the package, receive a receipt of mailing
from the post-office where the package is mailed on a form like Model 1, annexed
hereto. I z, The sender Of a package may have the same registered by paying the
 ...

Mastering the Art of Success

Whether success is in your blood, or something you are seeking out, Mastering the Art of Success will give you the guidelines of focussing on being the best you can be. Cabral takes simple stories, lessons and philosophies from Eastern and Western sources and relates them in an easy to understand and down to earth way. Cabral has lectured to large crowds and coached individuals sharing with them his insights and empowering them with his "To the Top and Never Stop" philosophy.

... stomach was conditioned I still had to face the fear of getting hit in the stomach.
Daily we would stand in a corner and have our partner punch our stomachs.
Getting hit over and over in the stomach accustomed me as to know how to tense
up.

Mastering the message

media writing with substance and style

Present tense, the simplest, most direct verb form, can also be a powerful
contributor to stylish writing. Because it allows the audience to experience the
story or message as it unfolds, present tense helps create audience involvement.

Mastering Online Marketing

12 Keys to Transform Your Website Into a Sales Powerhouse

Learn to avoid the #1 problem that plagues most online businesses--an under-performing website. The rise in online shopping has led countless entrepreneurs to jump on the e-commerce bandwagon--but despite their big dreams and hard work, most fail. This book shows them how to succeed in grabbing their piece of the e-commerce pie. Forgoing get-rich-quick hype for best practices and solid marketing principles, two world-class online marketers offer an unbeatable 12-step system that creates a profitable and sustainable online business. Hundreds of proven strategic and tactics, as well as dozens of time-saving web resources, help you jumpstart the process. The authors reveal the 10 most common e-commerce mistakes and offer fail-safe strategies for avoiding them. Innovative automation strategies save you time and money and help you create new streams of passive income. Featuring current technology--including Web 2.0 innovations, web conferencing, podcasts, blogging and more--this comprehensive manual puts website owners on the road to profitability.

Some of us are terrible spellers. Some of us don't know the difference between a
noun and a verb, let alone a dangling participle. Some of us mix tenses (heaven
forbid) in the middle of a sentence. And some of us don't know where to begin.

Mastering Spanish

C. The order of tenses 1. If the subjunctive is required in the dependent clause,
almost any order of tenses may be found // the sense requires it. However, the
usual order of tenses is: 1 The indicative is sometimes used in clauses of ...

A Modern English Course: Applying good English.- book 2. Extending good English.- book 3. Mastering good English

But though you probably would not have made the mistakes in tense that our
imaginary foreigner made, there are other tense errors that you doubtless do
make. Are you, for example, sure which of the forms is right in these four
sentences?

Making Math Accessible to English Language Learners (Grades 6-8)

Practical Tips and Suggestions (Grades 6-8)

Making Math Accessible for English Language Learners provides practical classroom tips and suggestions to strengthen the quality of classroom instruction for teachers of mathematics. The tips and suggestions are based on research in practices and strategies that address the affective, linguistic, and cognitive needs of English language learners.

Mathematics. Performance. Assessment. Rubric. (Teacher. Form). Correct
Solution? Yes No Criteria 4 3 2 1 Conceptual knowledge Attribute(s) Correctly
identifies at- tributes of the prob- lem, which justifies correct inferences Attribute(s
) ...

Making Math Accessible to English Language Learners (Grades 9-12)

Practical Tips and Suggestions (Grade 9-12)

Making Math Accessible for English Language Learners provides practical classroom tips and suggestions to strengthen the quality of classroom instruction for teachers of mathematics. The tips and suggestions are based on research in practices and strategies that address the affective, linguistic, and cognitive needs of English language learners. Although this resource centers on teaching English language learners, many of the tips and suggestions benefit all students. Making Math Accessible for English Language Learners follows five case studies of composite student profiles throughout the book with opportunities for reflection to increase personal awareness of both the teacher’s role and students’ needs in the mathematics classroom, tasks to provide interaction with the content of the book, and hot tips for ideas applicable to real-world classroom situations.

Mathematics. Performance. Assessment. Rubric. (Teacher. Form). Correct
Solution? Yes No Criteria 4 3 2 1 Conceptual knowledge Attribute(s) Correctly
identifies attributes of the problem, which justifies correct inferences Attribute(s)
Correctly ...