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The Application of Tensor Based Morphometry in Mapping Human Brain Anatomical Changes During Normal and Pathological Conditions

Detailed spatial and temporal mapping of anatomical changes in human brain is crucial in understanding the basis of age-related cognitive advancement and various neurological disorders. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive medical imaging technique that provides high resolution structural images of human brain. Tensor-based morphometry (TBM) is an image analysis technique that characterizes local shape differences from the gradients of the deformation field. TBM can be applied to cross-sectional MRI data for local shape comparisons between two or more groups of subjects, based on nonlinearly registering individual brain scans to a common anatomical template. Moreover, when TBM is applied to longitudinal MRI study, the derived Jacobian maps represent the percentage of tissue change over time. In my dissertation work, I explored the application of TBM in mapping anatomical changes of human brain during normal development, anomalous development in autism, age related memory condition known as mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the normal development study, Jacobian maps tracking dynamic tissue growth were created for each of the 13 healthy developing children. Statistical analyses revealed significant tissue growth in cerebral white matter, contrasted with gray matter loss in parietal, temporal, and occipital lobe. A linear regression with age and gender suggested a slowing down of the growth rate in regions with the greatest white matter growth. Next, by comparing the regional tissue change rate from the longitudinal brain scans of 13 autistic and 7 normal developing boys, I revealed aberrant development in brain regions that have been implicated in autism's social impairment, communication deficits and repetitive behaviors. Finally, in one of the largest brain MRI studies to date, I compared the anatomical distribution of atrophy in 165 AD patients, 330 MCI subjects, and 181 controls and revealed 3D correlations between neuroimaging markers, genes, and future clinical changes. Baseline temporal lobe atrophy mapped by TBM correlated with current cognitive performance, future cognitive decline, and conversion from MCI to AD over the following year. Overall, I demonstrated that tensor-based Jacobian is a sensitive and reliable method to detect regional tissue changes during normal and pathological conditions.

Detailed spatial and temporal mapping of anatomical changes in human brain is crucial in understanding the basis of age-related cognitive advancement and various neurological disorders.

An Elementary Etymological Manual of the English language for the use of schools. To which is prefixed, Practical Observations on teaching Etymology

Psycho-Logic

Psycho-Logic is an attempt to formulate explicitly the implicit common-sense psychology embedded in everyday language and taken for granted by its users. The key concepts in this system are given definitions, and the basic assumptions are presented in the form of axioms. A number of corollaries and theorems are formally proved. The text also contains numerous notes in which the formal propositions and their broader implications are discussed. It is assumed that the relationship between psycho-logic and empirical psychology is analogous to that existing between geometry and geography. Psycho-logic and geometry both provide a formal system in terms of which one may describe and analyze respectively psychological phenomena and geographical terrains. The book should be of particular interest to practicing psychologists since it provides an analysis of the main characteristics of persons and person-interactions, emphasizing such concepts as care, respect, understanding and control.

Secondly, it may be difficult for P to become reflectively aware of O, because of its
complexity and/or its incommensurability with available linguistic categories. In
the former case, prolonged training may be necessary, and, in the latter case, ...

Geologic and Mine Modelling Using Techbase and Lynx

This text provides a process oriented discussion of the theory, methodology and philosophy of geologic and mine modelling using two commercial software packages: Techbase, a leader for mineral exploration and modelling bedded deposits; and Lynx, for modelling geology.

The local map XYZ coordinate convention is the same as the default DXF XYZ
coordinate convention. However, some CAD and GIS applications allow
coordinate transformations. If necessary, click on the Map Coordinate X, Y and Z
pop-up ...

Achieving a Transcendent Episode: A Case Study of the Theological Task Force for Peace, Unity and Purity of the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.), and Their Final Report

Using the concepts and heuristics of the Coordinated Management of Meaning (CMM), this study reveals the communication patterns inherent in this moral conflict. It also shows how the task force changed those patterns to transcend differences and create a way for others to "go on" in the conversation.

The PUPTF acknowledges that this work took a lot of time and effort, and
commitment. They stuck with the task even at personal cost to themselves. Time
and commitment are two key factors in creating a transcendent episode. This
includes ...

Syntheses, X-ray Structures, Spectroscopy, DFT Electronic Configuration, and Biological Relevance of Photolabile Ruthenium and Iron Nitrosyls Derived from Ligands Containing Carboxamido-N Donors

The next two chapters (Chapters 2 and 3) describe our efforts towards isolating Ru-based NO donors that are sensitive to visible light, instead of UV light. Such complexes are potentially much more useful in biological NO transfer experiments, or as potential therapeutics in photodynamic therapy (PDT). One major focus has been the direct coordination of visible-light-harvesting chromophores to the Ru-center, which has aided in photosensitizing Ru-nitrosyls up to wavelengths of 600 nm (red light).

Biochem. 99 (2005) 1458. [75] E. Baranoff, J.-P. Collin, L. Flamigni, J. -P.
Sauvage, Chem. Soc. Rev. 33 (2004) 147. [76] E. Tfouni, Coord. Chem. Rev. 196
(2000) 281. [771 (a) B. Durham, S. Wilson, D. Hodgson, T.J. Meyer, J. Am. Chem.
Soc.

Consciousness, Methodological and Psychological Approaches

... empirical essentialism and, on the epistemological level, uses the method of
idealization (as a method of formulating statements and scientific theories) and
the method of concretization (as a method of verifying the statements and
theories).

Dynamic and Advanced Data Mining for Progressing Technological Development: Innovations and Systemic Approaches

Innovations and Systemic Approaches

"This book discusses advances in modern data mining research in today's rapidly growing global and technological environment"--Provided by publisher.

Oard (Oard, 1997), describes a generic information filtering model as having four
components: a method for representing the documents within the domain; a
method for representing the user's information need; a method for making the ...

Epidemiology of Aging: An Ecological Approach

Epidemiology of Aging: An Ecological Approach is the first title to provide a comprehensive overview of the leading topics in the epidemiology of aging, such as physical functioning, depression, and survival with the ecological model. Using this ecological model, the author highlights the causes and consequences of the aging population and illustrates that all the topics are interrelated.

ACTIVE. LIFE. EXPECTANCY. Active life expectancy, a key concept ... defines
the number of years individuals can expect to live, given that they have survived.
125 Physical Functioning and Activities Everyday Life Active Life Expectancy.