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Divine Guide in Early Shi'ism, The

The Sources of Esotericism in Islam

The Imam, the Divine Guide, is the central point around which the Shi'ite religion turns. The power of Shi'ism comes from the actions of the Imam. This title is reserved exclusively for the sucessors of the prophets in their mission. The author shows that from the beginning of Shi'ite Islam until the tenth century, the Imam was primarily a master of knowledge with supernatural powers, not a jurist theologian. The Imam is the threshold through which God and the creatures communicate. He is thus a cosmic necessity, the key and the center of the universal economy of the sacred. The author presents Shi'ism as a religion founded on double dimensions where the role of the leader remains constantly central: perpetual initiation into divine secrets and continued confrontation with anti-initiation forces. Without esotericism, exotericism loses its meaning. Early Imamism is an esoteric doctrine. Historically, then, at the beginning of esotericism in Islam, we find an initiatory, mystical, and occultist doctrine. This is the first book to systematically explore the immense literature attributed to the Imams themselves in order to recover the authentic original vision. It restores an essential source of esotericism in the world of Islam.

The Sources of Esotericism in Islam Mohammad Ali Amir-Moezzi. 4 The S uper-
Existence of the Imam You are like the stars of the sky; as soon as one star sets,
another rises, up until the Day of Resurrection. The Prophet After the pre-
existence ...

The Spirituality of Shi'i Islam

Beliefs and Practices

The second largest branch of Islam, with between 130 and 190 million adherents across the globe, Shi'i Islam is becoming an increasingly significant force in contemporary politics, especially in the Middle East. This makes an informed understanding of its fundamental spiritual beliefs and practices both necessary and timely._x000D_ _x000D_ Mohammad Ali Amir-Moezzi is one of the most distinguished scholars of Shi'i history and theology, and in this volume he offers a wide-ranging and engaging survey of the core texts of Shi'i Islam. Examining in turn the origins and later developments of Shi'i spirituality, the author reveals the profoundly esoteric nature of the beliefs which accrued to the figures of the early Imams, and which became associated with their interaction between the material and spiritual worlds. Many of these beliefs have remained much misunderstood even within the wider Muslim world. Furthermore, Western scholarship has tended to follow the lead of the earlier orientalists and critics, viewing Shi'i teachings as marginal._x000D_ _x000D_ In this study the author shows, by contrast, how central and creative the very nature of spirituality was to the development of Shi'i Islam, as well as to classical Muslim civilisation as a whole. In this comprehensive treatment, the esoteric nature of Shi'i spirituality emerges as an essential phenomenon for understanding Shi'i Islam._x000D_

... and even more so, proofs based on ancestral beliefs. The Qur'anic bases
Famous for his legendary knowledge of and. 30. Diwan Ahu'l-Aswad al-Du'ali, ed
. M. H. Al Yasin (Beirut, 1974), pp. 119—120; Abu'l-Faraj al-Isfahani, Kitah al-
Aghani, 20 vols (Bulaq, 1285/1868), vol. 12, p. 321 (a shorter version of the poem
). 31. Ansab al-ashraf, vol. 3, ed. M. B. al-Mahmudi (Beirut, 1974), p. 28; Abu'l-
Faraj al-Isfahani, Maqatil al-Talibiyyin, ed. S. A. Saqr (Cairo 1949; rpr., Qumm,
1416/1995), p.