Sebanyak 236 item atau buku ditemukan

Action Research

From Practice to Writing in an International Action Research Development Program

Supported bilaterally by Sweden and Norway, the Scandinavian Action Research Development Program (ACRES — Action Research in Scandinavia) emphasized conceptualizing research questions and self-conscious writing processes for experienced action researchers. Participants came from Norway, Sweden, Finland, Holland, Great Britain, and the United States. A learning experiment in the tradition of Scandinavian industrial democracy, ACRES had both intellectual and organizational tensions common to action research projects. This book includes theoretical and historical overviews of action research, reflections on the writing process, narratives about the design and difficult internal processes of ACRES, and a selection of the participants' writings. A particularly unique feature of the book is the discussion of the problematic relationship between action research and conventional modes of research writing and an analysis of the complex social processes collaboratively managed projects create, in combination with a set of participant cases.

From Practice to Writing in an International Action Research Development
Program Davydd J. Greenwood ... Research. in. Public. Schools. Ann. Martin.
One of the biggest ideas in primary/secondary educational reform in the United
States is ...

Lexical Bundles in Native and Non-native Scientific Writing

Applying a corpus-based study to language teaching

This book presents an investigation of lexical bundles in native and non-nativescientific writing in English, whose aim is to produce a frequency-derived, statistically- and qualitatively-refined list of the most pedagogically useful lexical bundles in scientific prose: one that can be sorted and filtered by frequency, key word, structure and function, and includes contextual information such as variations, authentic examples and usage notes. The first part of the volumediscusses the creation of this list based on a multimillion-word corpus of biomedical research writing and reveals the structure and functions of lexical bundles and their role in effective scientific communication. A comparative analysis of a non-native corpus highlights non-native scientists’ difficulties’ inemploying lexical bundles. The second part of the volume explores pedagogical applications and provides a series of teaching activities that illustrate how EAP teachers or materials designers can use the list of lexical bundles in their practice.

scientific. discourse. One model of vocabulary acquisition that has had
considerable influence on pedagogical research in ... This strategy is illustrated
by Activity 1, where lexical bundles from the present study's list, along with other
relevant ...

Dialogue, Science and Academic Writing

This book investigates the dialogic nature of research articles from the perspective of discourse analysis, based on theories of dialogicity. It proposes a theoretical and applied framework for the understanding and exploration of scientific dialogicity. Focusing on some dialogic components, among them citations, concession, inclusive we and interrogatives, a combined model of scientific dialogicity is proposed, that reflects the place and role of various linguistic structures against the background of various theoretical approaches to dialogicity. Taking this combined model as a basis, the analysis demonstrates how scientific dialogicity is realized in an actual scientific dispute and how a scientific project is constructed step by step by means of a dialogue with its readers and discourse community. A number of different patterns of scientific dialogicity are offered, characterized by the different levels of the polemic held with the research world and other specific researchers – from the “classic”, moderate and polite dialogicity to a direct and personal confrontation between scientists.

It is “a strategy that stresses the involvement of the writer and the reader in a
shared journey of exploration, although it is always clear who is leading the
expedition” (Hyland 2001a: 560). This strategy is even more significant when
activities on ...

Siasat kemasyarakatan bagi negara-negara yang sedang berkembang

Toward an Understanding of Language

Charles Carpenter Fries in Perspective

Charles C. Fries (1887-1967) was a major figure in American linguistics and language education during the first half of the 20th century. Theoretical innovation and practical implementation were important threads that ran throughout his work. Fries believed that the attempt to deal with practical problems was a vital part of developing linguistic theory. He spent most of his effort exploring grammar as a tool for communicating meaning. Charles C. Fries was quite influential in the development of linguistics in the United States, and yet in some ways remained outside of the mainstream of the linguistics he helped to develop. The contributors to this volume were asked to present and evaluate some aspect of Fries’ work and to show how similar ideas are being used today.

AMERICAN ENGLISH GRAMMAR Robert C. Jones Miss Groby, take a letter to
Charles Carpenter Fries. ... Chandler's letters, I found myself becoming more and
more interested in the content and less aware of the forms Chandler was using.

Maqasid Al-Shariah A Beginner's Guide

Current applications (or rather, misapplications) of Islamic law are reductionist rather than holistic, literal rather than moral, one-dimensional rather than multidimensional, binary rather than multi-valued, deconstructionist rather than reconstructionist, and causal rather than teleological. There is lack of consideration and functionality of the overall purposes and underlying principles of the Islamic law as a whole. Further, exaggerated claims of ‘rational certainty’ (or else, ‘irrationality’) and ‘consensus of the infallible’ (or else, ‘historicity of the scripts’) add to lack of spirituality, intolerance, violent ideologies, suppressed freedoms, and authoritarianism. Thus, a maqasidi approach takes juridical issues to a higher philosophical ground, and hence, overcomes (historical) differences over politics between Islamic schools of law, and encourages a much-needed culture of conciliation and peaceful coexistence. Moreover, the realization of purposes should be the core objective of all fundamental linguistic and rational methodologies of ijtihad, regardless of their various names and approaches. Thus, the validity of any ijtihad should be determined based on its level of achieving ‘purposefulness,’ or realizing maqasid al-shari’ah.

478 ah/1085 ce) wrote al-Burh¥n fÏ U|‰l al-Fiqh (The Proof in the Fundamentals
of Law), which was the first juridical treatise to introduce a theory of 'levels of
necessity' in a way that is similar to today's familiar theory. He suggested five
levels ...

Law and British Muslims

Domination of the Majority Or Process of Balance?

Every student of law in the UK knows – or learns at the outset – that Britain is one
of the few countries with no written constitution. This is not yet another tome on
the anomalies that this omission creates, or a treatise on the dangers of having
an ...

The Islamic Marriage Contract

Case Studies in Islamic Family Law

It is often said that marriage in Islamic law is a civil contract, not a sacrament. This volume collects papers from many disciplines examining the Muslim marriage contract. Articles cover doctrines as to marriage contracts (e.g., may a wife stipulate monogamy?); historical instances; comparisons with Jewish and canon law; contemporary legal and social practice; and projects of activists for women worldwide.

It is often said that marriage in Islamic law is a civil contract, not a sacrament. This volume collects papers from many disciplines examining the Muslim marriage contract.