Butterflyfishes of the family Chaetodontidae are conspicuous members of almost all tropical reefs. These colorful fishes have attracted a great deal of attention from both the scientific community and especially the aquarium fish industry. At first one is tempted to say that butterflyfishes are abundant worldwide, but the evidence does not support this statement. The biomass of chaetodontids on reefs may range from 0.02-0.80%, and in terms of numbers they comprise only 0.04-0.61 % of the individuals on the reef. Yet in spite of these relatively small numbers they have been extensively studied. A quick census shows some 170 articles on or about butterfly fishes, with 78% of them being published since the 1970's. Along with the cichlids and damselfishes they might be one of the most studied and well published family of tropical fishes. Why then have chaetodontids attracted so much attention? The butterflyfishes are mostly shallow water inhabitants that are approachable and easily recognizable, making their study very feasible. Their bright coloration has provoked many hypotheses but has posed more questions about coloration than it has provided answers. And despite their apparent overall morphological similarity, their highly structured and varied social systems have made them an ideal model for such studies. The reasons for choosing these organisms are indeed as diverse as the studies themselves.
tow, and three opening-closing bongo net tows (one each at 0–6, 6–13 and 13–
20 m). Sixteen chaetodontid larvae were captured in 10 sets (6 day and 4 night).
During the day three larvae (three occurrences) were taken in the 0–6 m stratum,
...
Proceedings of a Workshop held at the Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Aug. 6–7, 1988
In August 1988. the Sixth International Coral Reef Symposium was held in Townsville resulting in an influx of most of the world's coral reef sCientists to the city. We seized this opportunity at the Australian Institute of Marine Science to run a small workshop immediately before the symposium on the outbreaks of the crown-of-thorns starfish. Aeanthaster planei. We invited that small band of mathematicians who had been modelling the phenomenon, (and who may not have normally attended an international meeting so thoroughly dedicated to natural science) to meet with those SCientists who had been been actively working on the phenomenon in the field. John Casti notes in his delightful new book Alternate Realities (Wiley, 1989): 'If the natural role of the experimenter is to generate new observables by which we know the processes of Nature, and the natural role of the mathematician is to generate new formal structures by which we can represent these processes. then the system SCientist finds his niche by serving as a broker between the two. ' I think our book shows the fruits of that brokerage through the wide range of models explored within its pages. the high level of collaboration and interaction across disciplines evident in the individual papers, and in the emerging synthesis that reflects a far deeper understanding of this complex phenomenon than was possible even a few years ago.
The tropical UK Territories have extensive coral reefs. Huge parts of these areas are exceptionally rich, productive and diverse. Their marine biodiversity exceeds that of the UK itself, and several are already, or are planned to be, strictly protected. Some of these areas serve as reference sites for many other countries with damaged reefs and they are oases of tropical marine biodiversity in a fast-degrading world. This book reviews all of the UK reefs, from those scarcely known to those where substantial research has already been performed.
Coral reefs are the largest landforms built by plants and animals. Their study therefore incorporates a wide range of disciplines. This encyclopedia approaches coral reefs from an earth science perspective, concentrating especially on modern reefs. Currently coral reefs are under high stress, most prominently from climate change with changes to water temperature, sea level and ocean acidification particularly damaging. Modern reefs have evolved through the massive environmental changes of the Quaternary with long periods of exposure during glacially lowered sea level periods and short periods of interglacial growth. The entries in this encyclopedia condense the large amount of work carried out since Charles Darwin first attempted to understand reef evolution. Leading authorities from many countries have contributed to the entries covering areas of geology, geography and ecology, providing comprehensive access to the most up-to-date research on the structure, form and processes operating on Quaternary coral reefs.
Coral Reefs of the Gulf: Adaptation to Climatic Extremes is a complete review and reference for scientists, engineers and students concerned with the geology, biology or engineering aspects of coral reefs in the Middle East. It provides for the first time a complete review of both the geology and biology of all extant coral areas in the Gulf, the water body between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula. In summer, this area is the hottest sea with abundant coral growth on earth and already today exhibits a temperature that is predicted to occur across the topical ocean in 2100. Thus, by studying the Gulf today, much can be learned about tomorrow’s world and the capability of coral reefs to adapt to climatic extremes. This volume provides the most authoritative and up-to-date review of the coral reefs in the Gulf. It can be used as a volume of general reference or as a textbook treating recent coral reefs. Written by local and international experts, the text is richly illustrated and will remain a standard reference for the region for decades to come. Contributions stretch from climatology through geology, biology, ecological modelling and fisheries science to practical conservation aspects. The book is useful for the technical expert and casual reader alike.
Table 11.1 (continued) Species Record in Remarks Pavona diffluens (Lamarck
1816) 1,6 Pavona venosa (Ehrenberg 1834) 6 Record probably from Arabian
Sea Pavona decussata (Dana 1846) 6,7,9 Record probably from Arabian Sea ...
6th International Conference, Edinburgh, UK, August 15-17, 2007, Revised Papers
This book contributes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Web-Based Learning, ICWL 2007, held in Edinburgh, UK, in August 2007. The 55 revised full papers presented together with 1 keynote talk were carefully reviewed and selected from about 180 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on personalized e-learning, learning resource organization and management, framework and standards for e-learning, test authoring, question generation and assessment, language learning, science education, visualization technologies for content delivery and learning behavior, practice and experience sharing, security, privacy and mobile e-learning, as well as blended learning.
The AGILMAT system itself is a Constraint Logic Programing application, while its
web interface is based on a web wizards framework developed as a Java web
application. These two components are loosely coupled, thus providing a high ...
International Conference, WISM 2011, Taiyuan, China, September 23-25, 2011. Proceedings
This book constitutes, together with LNCS 6987 and LNCS 6988, the refereed proceedings of the International Conference on Web Information Systems and Mining, WISM 2011, held in Taiyuan, China, in September 2011. The 112 revised full papers presented in the three volumes were carefully reviewed and selected from 472 submissions. The 61 papers presented in this volume are organized in topical sections on applications of artificial intelligence; applications of computational intelligence; automated problem solving; brain models/cognitive science; data mining and knowledge discovering; expert and decision support systems; fuzzy logic and soft computing; intelligent agents and systems; intelligent control; intelligent image processing; intelligent scheduling; intelligent signal processing; natural language processing; nature computation; neural computation; pattern recognition; rough set theory.
3 Macro Command Those procedures mentioned above may perform
automatically by programing a macro command as a file named "startupMacros".
After its being installed, next run may automatically load it, which exsists in the
form of a ...
Introduces Linux concepts to programmers who are familiar with other operating systems such as Windows XP Provides comprehensive coverage of the Pentium assembly language
Introduces Linux concepts to programmers who are familiar with other operating systems such as Windows XP Provides comprehensive coverage of the Pentium assembly language This unique guide provides comprehensive coverage of the key elements ...
