A complete and easy guide that introduces folklore collecting to everyone. The perfect how-to-do-it instruction book for teachers, students, folklore societies, local historical societies, genealogical societies, libraries—everyone! The book is designed for every person who is interested in collecting folklore, from elementary students to adults. Now you can share the satisfaction of helping to preserve your valuable national, state, local, and family heritage, in this guide that contains everything you need to know to get started right away.
Classroom-based Evaluation in Second Language Education has been written to help foreign and second language educators in planning and carrying out effective and comprehensive evaluations in their classrooms. The book emphasizes the value of classroom-based assessment as a tool for improving both teaching and learning. The presentation is non-technical and does not require a specialized background in psychometrics, statistics, or research. The suggested assessment procedures are useful for a broad range of proficiency levels, teaching situations, and instructional approaches. Preview questions and follow-up activities assist the reader in applying the material discussed in each chapter.
A common view of the nature of language teaching and the work of second
language teachers is that the primary concerns of language teachers lie with the
process of instruction itself, that is, with helping learners acquire the language
skills ...
This book provides an alternative to the "grammar debate" in second language acquisition theory and teaching. Accepting that language acquisition is at least partially input dependent, the author asks how grammatical form is processed in the input by second language learners and is it possible to assist this in ways that help the learner to create richer grammatical intake. He answers these questions and explains why traditional paradigms are not psycholinguistically motivated. Drawing on research from both first and second language acquisition, he outlines a model for input processing in second language acquisition that helps to account for how learners construct grammatical systems. He then uses this model to motivate "processing instruction," a type of grammar instruction in which learners are engaged in making form-meaning connections during particular input activities.
Some might argue that second language acquisition is an independent nonap-
plied discipline (Grass & Schachter, 1989, p. 4), that its goal is to explain how
second languages are learned. More particularly, the goal of second language ...
This volume corrects the relative neglect in Second Language Acquisition studies of the quantitative study of language variation and provides insights into such issues as language transfer, acquisition through exposure, language universals, learner's age and so forth. These studies bolster the idea that a full account of SLA development (and, hence, a theory of SLA) must be built on not only detailed accounts of interlanguage data but also on a wide appeal to factors which govern the psycholinguistic bases of SLA. An important addition to the volume is a comprehensive guide to both the DOS and Macintosh versions of the VARBRUL statistical program used by variationists.
The relevance of sociolinguistics to second language acquisition (SLA) is twofold
. First, it is concerned with variation in language — the product, process,
acquisition, and cognitive location of such variation. Such matters are the focus of
this ...
The book concerns theoretical, interdisciplinary and methodological issues in L2 acquisition research. It gives an accurate and up-to-date overview of high quality work currently in progress in research methodology, processing, principles and parameters theory, phonology, the bilingual lexicon, input and instruction. The volume will have the purpose of a handbook for teachers, students and researchers in the area of second language acquisition. The aim is to provide the reader with an acquisition perspective on processes of second and foreign language learning.
Are there principles of universal grammar that do not apply to second language
acquisition? Paul van Buren 1. Introduction I thought it might be interesting for
budding language researchers to be taken through a detailed theoretical
argument ...
"The validation of language tests is widely discussed and expected, but only in recent years have researchers adopted a variety of innovative techniques for developing, assessing and validating specific tests of second or foreign language proficiency and their impact on education and society. Indeed, as the present volume clearly demonstrates, many different techniques for empirical analysis and types of evidence may be used to assess and interpret the validity of diverse aspects of language tests as well as the consequences they may have for language students, educators and society."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved
3 Hypothesis Testing in Construct Validation SARA GUSHING WEIGLE and
BRIAN LYNCH This chapter describes an investigation of the construct validity of
the recently revised English as a Second Language Placement Examination ...
This publication contains a selection of research papers presented at the 15th Annual Language Testing Research Colloquium.This publication contains a selection of research papers presented at the 15th Annual Language Testing Research Colloquium (LTRC). The Colloquium was jointly hosted by the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES) in Cambridge and CITO in Arnhem in the Netherlands. At the Cambridge venue, the papers were presented on the theme of performance testing and at Arnhem, they covered aspects of communication in relation to cognition and assessment. A selection of papers has been made in order to achieve a balanced coverage of these themes. In particular, the research presented includes work on speaking and writing tests where the focus is on raters and tasks; the application of various statistical methods in language test validation; and issues related to language testing in specific contexts and with particular candidate groups.
Yasmeen Lukmani Research Centre for English and Applied Linguistics,
University of Cambridge/University of Bombay Introduction A question that
interests all educationists is the identification of factors which lead to academic
success.
