This book compiles contributions from renowned researchers covering all aspects of conceptual modeling, on the occasion of Arne Sølvberg’s 67th birthday. Friends of this pioneer in information systems modeling contribute their latest research results from such fields as data modeling, goal-oriented modeling, agent-oriented modeling, and process-oriented modeling. The book reflects the most important recent developments and application areas of conceptual modeling, and highlights trends in conceptual modeling for the next decade.
Fact-oriented modeling is a conceptual approach that enables one to model and
query business domains in terms of the underlying facts of interest, where all
facts and rules may be verbalized in language readily understandable by non-
technical users of those business domains. Unlike Entity-Relationship modeling
and object-oriented modeling, fact-oriented modeling treats all facts as
relationships (unary, binary, ternary etc.). Grouping of facts into attribute-based
structures (e.g. ER ...
This book covers fundamental aspects of spatial data modelling specifically on the aspect of three-dimensional (3D) modelling and structuring. Realisation of "true" 3D GIS spatial system needs a lot of effort, and the process is taking place in various research centres and universities in some countries. The development of spatial data modelling for 3D objects is the focus of this book.
7.2.2 The Programming Language Object-oriented concepts were originally
developed in early programming languages such as Simula in 1960's. Other OO
programming languages such as Smalltalk, C++ and Java have also been
developed since then. Although Java is said to be widely used for the Internet or
distributed computing environment these days, C++ language is much more
widely used and offers more OO concepts than other languages (Stroustrup,
1997). There are ...
Advances in automation for electronic commerce require improved understanding and formalization of the objects, processes, and policies of commerce itself. These include business objects such as bills of lading and contracts; processes such as workflows and trade procedures; and policies covering such problems as contract or procedure validation and strategic behaviour. This book is about theory, formalization, and proof-of-concept implementation of these and related matters. In addition to presenting state-of-the-art results, the book places this work in the context of nearly twenty years of developments in formal modelling for electronic commerce. A comprehensive bibliography and index are provided.
In electronic commerce however, when the execution of the documentary
procedure is governed by automated systems, documentary procedures should
be stipulated in a common formal, computable, and executable language. Such a language would allow the specification of downloadable procedures and would
ease the negotiation process since all parties can express their requirements
unambiguously in the same language. But this is just the first step towards
electronic market ...
13th International Conference on the Entity-Relationship Approach, Manchester, United Kingdom, December 13 - 16, 1994 Proceedings
This volume constitutes the proceedings of the 13th International Conference on the Entity-Relationship Approach, ER '94, held in Manchester, UK in December 1994. The ER '94 book is devoted to business modelling and re-engineering and provides a balanced view between research and practical experience. The 34 full revised papers presented are organized in sections on business process modelling, enterprise modelling, systems evolution, modelling integrity constraints, object-oriented databases, active databases, CASE, reverse engineering, information system modelling, schema coordination, and re-engineering.
This paper proposes to integrate constraint languages with the declarative
specifications of their integrity repair actions. We introduce a rather powerful,
predicate-based language for specifying integrity constraints, then we discuss the
semantics of repair actions as computations which react to constraint violations,
then we establish sufficient conditions for ensuring their termination, and finally
we show how repair actions can be integrated in the SQL2 standard and
implemented by ...
A Guide to Using Logic to Represent Informal Methods and Support Reasoning
Enhances the use of enterprise models as an effective communication medium between business and technical personnel. Details the blue-print of the to-be developed business system.
Chapters 6 and 7 describe the formalisation and reasoning of the Process and
Procedural models. The automation of this modelling support framework
described in Figure 1.1 is based on manipulation of a formal logical language
DefBM that has been developed using a lightweight approach as described in
Section 3.3.5. Before we go into detail about DefBM and the automated support,
we should firstly understand the domain within which we are working: BSDM's
business models.
Boundary representation is the principal solid modelling method used in modern CAD/CAM systems. There have been a long series of developments on which currently available systems are based, full details of which are only partially known. Ian Stroud’s thorough coverage of these developments puts this technology in perspective and provides the most complete presentation of boundary representation solid modelling yet published.
There are three ways described here: command interpreters, macro-languages,
and programming interfaces. Command interpreters are the most complex, and
most of this chapter is devoted to them. Macro-languages are based, to some
extent, on these in that they provide a symbolic programming interface.
Programming interfaces, known usually as Application Programming Interfaces,
or APIs, turn the modeller into a software package around which it is possible to
create ...
Speech sound production is one of the most complex human activities: it is also one of the least well understood. This is perhaps not altogether surprising as many of the complex neurological and physiological processes involved in the generation and execution of a speech utterance remain relatively inaccessible to direct investigation, and must be inferred from careful scrutiny of the output of the system -from details of the movements of the speech organs themselves and the acoustic consequences of such movements. Such investigation of the speech output have received considerable impetus during the last decade from major technological advancements in computer science and biological transducing, making it possible now to obtain large quantities of quantative data on many aspects of speech articulation and acoustics relatively easily. Keeping pace with these advancements in laboratory techniques have been developments in theoretical modelling of the speech production process. There are now a wide variety of different models available, reflecting the different disciplines involved -linguistics, speech science and technology, engineering and acoustics. The time seems ripe to attempt a synthesis of these different models and theories and thus provide a common forum for discussion of the complex problem of speech production. Such an activity would seem particularly timely also for those colleagues in speech technology seeking better, more accurate phonetic models as components in their speech synthesis and automatic speech recognition systems.
The behavorial classification of aphasic patients according to the
fluencynonfluency dimension is particularly interesting because this dimension is
rooted largely in speech behavior rather than formal language operations related
to, for example, syntax and semantics. Benson (1967) was quoted earlier to the
effect that anterior patients have "a mechanical speech difficulty." His remark is
testimony to the tenuous separation of speech and language. More recent
research emphasizes ...
An Approach to Modelling Software Evolution Processes describes formal software processes that effectively support software evolution. The importance and popularity of software evolution increase as more and more successful software systems become legacy systems. For one thing, software evolution has become an important characteristic in the software life cycle; for another, software processes play an important role in increasing efficiency and quality of software evolution. Therefore, the software evolution process, the inter-discipline of software process and software evolution, becomes a key area in software engineering. The book is intended for software engineers and researchers in computer science. Prof. Tong Li earned his Ph.D. in Software Engineering at De Montfort University, U.K.; he has published five monographs and over one hundred papers.
In this chapter, according to the requirements of software evolution and based on
EPMM, an object-oriented software evolution process description language
EPDL is designed. EPDL extends the descriptive power of EPMM. All of the static
components in EPMM are defined in EPDL and the dynamic components in
EPMM are embodied when EPDL programs are executed. An EPDL program can
be regarded as a detailed and extended description of a software evolution
process ...
7th European Conference, ECMFA 2011, Birmingham, UK, June 6-9, 2011, Proceedings
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Modelling Foundations and Applications, held in Birmingham, UK, in June 2011. The 19 revised full foundations track papers and 5 revised full applications track papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 61 submissions; also included are 5 workshop summaries and abstracts of 4 tutorials. The papers are organized in topical sections on model execution, model analysis, methodology, model management, model transformation, variability analysis and ADLs, and domain-specific modeling.
Recent years have seen a proliferation of languages for describing embedded
systems. Some of these languages have emerged from domain-specific
frameworks, and some are adaptions or extensions of more general-purpose languages. In this paper, we focus on two widely- used standard languages: the
Architecture Analysis and Design Language (AADL) and the Systems Modeling Language (SysML). AADL was born as an avionics-focused domain-specific language and later ...
Computer languages and computer graphics have become the primary modes of human-computer interaction. This book provides a basic introduction to "Real and Virtual Environment" computer modelling. Graphics models are used to illustrate both the way computer languages are processed and also used to create computer models of graphic displays. Computer languages have been bootstrapped from machine code, to high-level languages such as Java, to animation scripting languages. Integrating graphic and computer models takes this support for programming, design and simulation work, one step further, allowing interactive computer graphic displays to be used to construct computer models of both real and virtual environment systems. The Java language is used to implement basic algorithms for language translation, and to generate graphic displays. It is also used to simulate the behaviour of a computer system, to explore the way programming and design-simulation environments can be put together.
It is assumed that the reader has a working knowledge of some computer language. However, key aspects of programming are summarizes in this chapter
using the Java language to support the illustrations developed later in the text
that demonstrate how graphic algorithms can be implemented in a practical way.
Libraries accessed through high level programming languages provide most
graphics facilities now in common use. The demonstrations and illustrations in
this section are ...
