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Tumors of the Brain and Spine

Tumors of the Brain and Spine focuses primarily on approaches to the treatment of benign, primary low-grade to high-grade, and metastatic tumors in the brain and spine, as practiced by surgeons and clinicians at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. The book is written mainly for the primary care oncologist, general neurologist, and general neurosurgeon. Discussion of treatment coverage focuses on neurosurgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, singly and in combination. Also included are chapters on symptom management, molecular genetics and neuropathology of intracranial tumors, leptomeningeal dissemination of systemic cancer, epidemiology of brain tumors, and innovative treatment strategies.

... xanthoastrocytomas, and subependymal giant cell astrocytomas). Diffusely
infiltrating low-grade. Low-grade gliomas consist of the diffusely infiltrating low-
grade gliomas (astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, and mixed gliomas) and the
more circumscribed “astroglial variants” (pilocytic astrocytomas, gangliogliomas,
Figure 5–3. The use of intraoperative MRI, such as the. 5 LOW-GRADE GLIOMAS
: Chapter 5 Low-Grade Gliomas: Evidence-Based Treatment Options Frederick F
Lang.

Atlas of Brain and Spine Oncology Imaging

Atlas of Brain and Spine Oncology Imaging presents a comprehensive visual review of pathologic disease variations of cancers of the brain and spine through extensive radiologic images. The focus of the book is on algorithmic strategies for identifying neoplastic pathologies commonly found in brain and spinal tumors through a visual representation of the variety of appearances that each neoplasm takes, within both benign and malignant manifestations. With contributions from radiologists on staff at a National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center, who draw from an extensive collection of diagnostic images across all imaging modalities, this book will be valuable to practicing radiologists, radiation oncologists, surgeons and other practitioners involved in the diagnosis and treatment of brain and spinal neoplasms in all patient populations.

exterior to the pial membrane that covers the brain, spinal cord, and proximal
nerve roots. Meningioma Meningiomas are tumors that arise from arachnoidal
cap cells. Meningiomas are the most common primary intracranial neoplasm in
adults [Q]. Meningiomas have an incidence of around six cases per 100,000
person-years [m]. This tumor type peaks in the middle-aged population and has a
slight predominance in women [Q]. Meningiomas have a geographic predilection
for the ...

Epigenetics, Brain and Behavior

What lies at the heart of neuronal plasticity? Accumulating evidence points to epigenetics. This word originally indicated potentially heritable modifications in gene expression that do not involve changes in DNA sequence. Today this definition is much less strict, and epigenetic control is thought to include DNA methylation, histone modifications, histone variants, microRNA metabolic pathways and non-histone proteins modifications. Thus, while neuronal plasticity is rightly thought to be intimately associated to genomic control, it is critical to appreciate that there is much more to the genome than DNA sequence. Recent years have seen spectacular advances in the field of epigenetics. These have attracted the interest of researchers in many fields and evidence connecting epigenetic regulation to brain functions has been accumulating. Neurons daily convert a variety of external stimuli into rapid or long-lasting changes in gene expression. A variety of studies have centered on the molecular mechanisms implicated in epigenetic control and how these may operate in concert. It will be critical to unravel how specificity is achieved. Importantly, specific modifications seem to mediate both developmental processes and adult brain functions, such as synaptic plasticity and memory. Many aspects of the research in neurosciences and endocrinology during the upcoming decade will be dominated by the deciphering of epigenetic control. This book constitutes a compendium of the most updated views in the field.

Thomas Bourgeron Abstract Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized
by impairments in reciprocal social communication and stereotyped behaviors.
Genetic and epigenetic studies have identified a relatively large number of genes
and biological processes that constitute a comprehensive framework to better
understand this heterogeneous syndrome. Based on the most robust findings,
three observations can be made. First, genetic and epigenetic contributions to
ASD are ...

Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Approaches Based on Rule Induction Techniques

This book outlines the core theory and practice of data mining and knowledge discovery (DM & KD) examining theoretical foundations for various methods, and presenting an array of examples, many drawn from real-life applications. Most theoretical developments are accompanied by extensive empirical analysis, offering a deep insight into both theoretical and practical aspects of the subject. The book presents the combined research experiences of 40 expert contributors of world renown.

METHODS. Andrew Kusiak Intelligent Systems Laboratory Mechanical and
Industrial Engineering 2139 Seamans Center The University of Iowa Iowa City,
Iowa 52242 - 1527 Email andrew-kusiak (du iowa . edu Web: http://www. iCaen.
uiowa. edu/~ank usiak Abstract: Key Words: A typical data mining project uses
data collected for various purposes, ranging from routinely gathered data, to
process improvement projects, and to data required for archival purposes. In
some cases, the ...

Mathematical Approaches for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases: Models, Methods, and Theory

This IMA Volume in Mathematics and its Applications MATHEMATICAL APPROACHES FOR EMERGING AND REEMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES: MODELS, AND THEORY METHODS is based on the proceedings of a successful one week workshop. The pro ceedings of the two-day tutorial which preceded the workshop "Introduction to Epidemiology and Immunology" appears as IMA Volume 125: Math ematical Approaches for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases: An Introduction. The tutorial and the workshop are integral parts of the September 1998 to June 1999 IMA program on "MATHEMATICS IN BI OLOGY. " I would like to thank Carlos Castillo-Chavez (Director of the Math ematical and Theoretical Biology Institute and a member of the Depart ments of Biometrics, Statistics and Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Cornell University), Sally M. Blower (Biomathematics, UCLA School of Medicine), Pauline van den Driessche (Mathematics and Statistics, Uni versity of Victoria), and Denise Kirschner (Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School) for their superb roles as organizers of the meetings and editors of the proceedings. Carlos Castillo-Chavez, es pecially, made a major contribution by spearheading the editing process. I am also grateful to Kenneth L. Cooke (Mathematics, Pomona College), for being one of the workshop organizers and to Abdul-Aziz Yakubu (Mathe matics, Howard University) for serving as co-editor of the proceedings. I thank Simon A. Levin (Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton Uni versity) for providing an introduction.

New Approaches in Modeling Multiphase Flows and Dispersion in Turbulence, Fractal Methods and Synthetic Turbulence

This book contains a collection of the main contributions from the first five workshops held by Ercoftac Special Interest Group on Synthetic Turbulence Models (SIG42. It is intended as an illustration of the sig’s activities and of the latest developments in the field. This volume investigates the use of Kinematic Simulation (KS) and other synthetic turbulence models for the particular application to environmental flows. This volume offers the best syntheses on the research status in KS, which is widely used in various domains, including Lagrangian aspects in turbulence mixing/stirring, particle dispersion/clustering, and last but not least, aeroacoustics. Flow realizations with complete spatial, and sometime spatio-temporal, dependency, are generated via superposition of random modes (mostly spatial, and sometime spatial and temporal, Fourier modes), with prescribed constraints such as: strict incompressibility (divergence-free velocity field at each point), high Reynolds energy spectrum. Recent improvements consisted in incorporating linear dynamics, for instance in rotating and/or stably-stratified flows, with possible easy generalization to MHD flows, and perhaps to plasmas. KS for channel flows have also been validated. However, the absence of "sweeping effects" in present conventional KS versions is identified as a major drawback in very different applications: inertial particle clustering as well as in aeroacoustics. Nevertheless, this issue was addressed in some reference papers, and merits to be revisited in the light of new studies in progress.

of. State. H.W. Zheng, C. Shu, Y.T. Chew, and N. Qin Abstract In many situations,
the equations of state (EOS) found in the literature have only a limited range of
validity. Besides, different types of EOS are required for different fluids of
compressible multi-fluid flows. These inspire us to investigate compressible multi-
fluid flows with different types of equation of state (EOS). In this paper, the
oscillation-free adaptive method for compressible two-fluid flows with different
types of equation of ...

Symbolic and Quantitative Approaches to Uncertainty

European Conference ECSQAU, Marseille, France, October 15-17, 1991. Proceedings

This collection of papers reflects the state of the art of Uncertainty Management Systems in Europe. The papers address such topics as nonmonotonic logics, modal logics, probability theory, belief function theory, and fuzzy sets and possibility theory.

Following the method presented in Adlassnig annd Kolarz (1982), the computed
numerical values are: very low = 0.1 low = 0.25 , medium = 0.5 , high = 0.75 , high
= 0.75 , very high = 0.9 . The examples considered were clinical cases of female
subjects diagnosed as postmenopausal and senile osteoporosis. Background
knowledge, in the form of rules, has been used to prune the antecedent
explosion for each diagnostic subclass considered. Results obtained for each
diagnostic ...

Designing Human Interface in Speech Technology

Bridging the gap between the needs of the technical engineer and cognitive researchers related to speech technology applications. Systematic approach focusing on the utility of speech related product design Designed to respond to the growing need for specific theories, tools and methods for design, testing and evaluating speech related human-system interfaces. Targeted at designers, engineers, and decision makers working in the area of speech technology research

In Universal Access in HCI: Towards an Information Society for All, ed. C.
Stephanidis, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum & Associates, 8—12. Allen, T. M., Lunenfield,
H., and Alexander, G. J. (1971). Driver Information Needs. in Highway Research
Board 366, Technical report of "Highway Research Record Number 366."
Allwood, J. (2001). Cooperation and flexibility in multimodal communication.
Cooperative Multimodal Coomunication, Second International Conference, CMC'
98, Tilburg, ...

Multimodal Human-Computer Communication

Systems, Techniques, and Experiments

This book constitutes the strictly reviewed post-workshop documentation of the First International Conference on Cooperative Multimodal Communication held in Eindhoven, The Netherlands, in 1995. The volume presents an introductory survey and carefully re vised and updated full versions of three invited contributions and 14 papers selected for inclusion in the book after intensive reviewing. Among the issues addressed are intelligent multimedia retrieval, cooperative conversation, agent system communication, multimodal maps, multimodal plan presentation, multimodal user interfaces, multimodal dialog, and various systems for multimodal HCI.

This book constitutes the strictly reviewed post-workshop documentation of the First International Conference on Cooperative Multimodal Communication held in Eindhoven, The Netherlands, in 1995.

Pragmatic Aspects of Human Communication

'Human Communication' is a field of interest of enormous breadth, being one which has concerned students of many different disciplines. It spans the imagined 'gap' between the 'arts' and the 'sciences', but it forms no unified academic subject. There is no commonly accepted terminology to cover aU aspects. The eight articles comprising this book have been chosen to illustrate something of the diversity yet, at the same time, to be comprehensible to readers from different academic disciplines. They cannot pretend to cover the whole field! Some attempt has been made to present them in an order which represents a continuity of theme, though this is merely an opinion. Most publications of this type form the proceedings of some sympo sium, or conference. In this case, however, there has been no such unifying influence, no collaboration, no discussions. The authors have been drawn from a number of different countries. The first article, by John Marshall and Roger Wales (Great Britain) concerns the pragmatic values of communication, starting by considering bird-song and passing to the infinitely more complex 'meaningful' values of human language and pictures. The 'pragmatic aspect' means the usefulness - what does language or bird song do for humans and birds? What adaptation or survival values does it have? These questions are then considered in relation to brain specialisation for representation of experience and cognition.