Sebanyak 62 item atau buku ditemukan

Wisdom and Folly in Euripides

The volume throws fresh light on a major polarity in Euripidean drama, including its roots in the tradition and its reception in vase-painting and literature. Virtually all Euripidean characters are subject to folly and claim some measure of wisdom. Leading international scholars discuss the polarity and the plays’ ambiguities from various angles and theoretical perspectives, offering trenchant insights into moral, social and historical issues.

“Ephebe” denotes both an adolescent and a soldier in training, a member of the
Athenian military organization known as the ephebeia who spent his military
service in the frontier forts guarding the Athenian periphery.2 89 VidalNacquet ...

Dialogue Analysis: Units, relations and strategies beyond the sentence

Contributions in honour of Sorin Stati's 65th birthday

The topic of this volume was discussed at a Round Table of the International Association for Dialogue Analysis (IADA) at the University of Bologna in March 1995. The Round Table was intended to make a scientific contribution in honour of the president's 65th birthday. The topic refers on the one hand to the central problem of 'Dialogue Analysis' which is to discover a new, communicatively functioning unit after having left behind the unit of the sentence which can be considered the unit par excellence of structural linguistics. On the other hand, it includes the manifold units, relations, and strategies, i.e. the specific problems of dialogue analysis.

It is only natural that if someone sets out to prove the validity of a statement he
should, if he is successfull, hold it up against the challenges brought forward in
the initial form, in a kind of triumph. The repeated formulation guarantees its
validity.

Verbal Agreement and the Grammar behind its 'Breakdown'

Minimalist feature checking

This book is about what the 'lack' of agreement indicates about the structure of language. Rather than assuming that mistakes occur in languages, disagreement can be seen as an indication of a certain structural relationship. In a Minimalist framework, the partial agreement or complete lack of agreement is determined by when checking of case and agreement takes place and with what nominal element. Earlier work has shown that there may be variation regarding the number of functional categories a language activates. If that account is correct, languages with fewer functional categories (Dutch and Old English) will also have fewer specifiers and therefore less Spec-Head agreement. In these cases, government will play a role in the checking of case and agreement. There are, however, other reasons for the 'breakdown'. For instance, expletives play a major role and they may only be specified for some features (number or person) and when they agree with the verb, the 'real' subject does not. Two additional reasons are discussed: the impact from grammaticalization and from asymmetrical (e.g. coordinate) structures. The focus is on Modern, Old and Middle English and Dutch, but other Germanic languages (German, Swedish, Yiddish), Romance languages (Catalan, French, Italian, Spanish), Arabic, Chamorro, Hebrew, Hopi, Kirundi, O'odham, Navajo, and Urdu/Hindi are discussed as well.

This book is about what the 'lack' of agreement indicates about the structure of language.

Social Dynamics in Second Language Accent

This volume offers a definitive source for understanding social influences in L2 pronunciation, demonstrating the importance of empirical findings from a number of research perspectives, and outlining the directions that future work can take. The aim is to present a coherent argument for the significance of social factors and how they contribute to phonological acquisition.

3.1 Introduction This chapter focuses on developmental sequences in second
language (L2) phonological acquisition and the constraints that impact these
sequences. Up to now, research that examines developmental sequences in L2 ...

Multilingualism, Second Language Learning, and Gender

This volume presents a comprehensive introduction to the study of second language learning, multilingualism and gender. An impressive array of papers situated within a feminist poststructuralist framework demonstrates how this framework allows for a deeper understanding of second language learning, a number of language contact phenomena, intercultural communication, and critical language pedagogy. The volume has wide appeal to students and scholars in the fields of language and gender, sociolinguistics, SLA, anthropology, and language education.

Recently, researchers focusing on the relationship between gender and
language have begun to examine the issues and dilemmas faced by people who
cross national and cultural boundaries as adults and (re)consider their own
gendered ...

Cognitive Linguistics, Second Language Acquisition, and Foreign Language Teaching

This collection of twelve papers demonstrates that the concepts developed within the Cognitive Linguistics movement afford an insightful perspective on several important areas of second language acquisition and pedagogy. In the first part of the book, three papers show how three Cognitive Linguistics constructs provide a useful theoretical frame within which second language acquisition data can be analyzed. First, Talmy's typology of motion events is argued to constitute the base relative to which acquisition discrepancies in motion events are most valuably investigated. Secondly, the notion of "construction" is invoked in order to account for systematic differences between the native and non-native speakers' use of the English verb get. Finally, frequency and similarity effects are shown to play a crucial part in the learning of prepositions in a second language. The second part of the book shows that the key concepts commonly invoked in Cognitive Linguistics analyses allow language teachers to insightfully structure the presentation of problematic material in the foreign language classroom. These concepts include among others polysemy, the figure/ground gestalt, the usage-based conception of grammar, the radial organization of categories, metaphors, and cultural scripts. The Cognitive Linguistics paradigm has already shown its viability to analyze a wide array of linguistic phenomena. This book establishes its relevance in the areas of second language acquisition and language pedagogy. Its intended public is composed of Cognitive Linguists, Second Language Acquisition specialists, as well as foreign language pedagogy researchers, instructors, and students.

Introduction The question of how adult second language learners come to
express spatial relations in a second language is a rather neglected area within
second language acquisition research (but see Becker and Carrol 1997 for an ...

Meaning in the Second Language

This book reviews recent research on the second language acquisition of meaning with a view of establishing whether there is a critical period for the acquisition of compositional semantics. A modular approach to language architecture is assumed. The book addresses the Critical Period Hypothesis by examining the positive side of language development: it demonstrates which modules of the grammar are easy to acquire and are not subject to age effects. The Bottleneck Hypothesis is proposed, which argues that inflectional morphology and its features present the most formidable challenge, while syntax and phrasal semantics pose less difficulty to learners. Findings from the neurofunctional imaging (PET, fMRI) and electrophysiology (ERPs) of L2 comprehension are reviewed and critically examined. Since it is argued that experimental tasks in those studies are mostly in need of linguistic refinement, evidence from behavioral studies of L2 acquisition of semantics are brought to bear on comprehension modeling. Learning situations are divided into two types: those presenting learners with complex syntax, but simple semantics; and those offering complex semantic mismatches in simple syntactic contexts. The numerous studies of both types reviewed in the book indicate that there is no barrier to ultimate success in the acquisition of phrasal semantics.

Few people start learning a second language for the exotic sounds, or for the
elegant sentence structure that they detect in it. Meaning is what we are all after.
We would all like to understand and to be able to convey thoughts and feelings
and ...

Second-language Speech

Structure and Process

This work provides a cross-section of current research on second-language speech. Issues covered include: the influence of the first language; the contexts of speech-sounding learning; the perception-production relation; the nature of speech language capacity.

One of the fundamental goals of theoretical linguistics is to make explicit the
language learner's internalized grammar. To this end, the study of an inter-
language phonology - particularly a foreign accent - is a way to investigate and
uncover a ...

Typology and Second Language Acquisition

In recent years research on comparative typology has led to reveal regularities and to formulate new constraints upon variation for a broad range of phenomena. As the amount of typological research increased, a growing interest arose for the implications that findings in the typological field might have on second language acquisition. Written by experts in the field of typology and/or second language acquisition, this volume addresses theoretical and empirical issues on structural domains such as relative clauses and possessive constructions as well as pragmatic considerations on information organization in learners productions.

It is generally acknowledged that iconicity - isomorphism and motivational
iconicity (Croft 1990: 164-192) - shapes in some measure grammar in language
use and in the course of language acquisition and of language change. Although
this ...

Investigations in Instructed Second Language Acquisition

Review text: "The works in this collection make a valuable contribution to instructed SLA research."Shannon Sauro in: Studies in second language acquistion 4/2006.

Second language acquisition in a study abroad context: A comparative
investigation of the effects of study abroad and foreign language instruction on
the L2 learner's grammatical development Martin Howard This paper investigates
a ...