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L'islam indien-- pluralité ou pluralisme

le cas d'al-Fatāwā al-Hindiyya

Cette recherche presente les points de vue des juristes d'Asie du Sud au XVIIe siecle au sujet de la vie commune entre les musulmans et les non musulmans. Elle compare les avis des juristes sud-asiatiques et ceux d'Asie Centrale et du Moyen-Orient. L'interpretation se focalise dans Al-Fatāwā al-Hindiyya al-'Ālamğīriyya, oeuvre de droit hanafite achevee en 1674 a Delhi. Grace a la methode intertextuelle, l'auteur deduit que les opinions des juristes musulmans forment une opposition entre des notions permissives pluralistes qui favorisent le rapprochement des communautes religieuses d'une part, et les notions non permissives ou anti-pluralistes qui refusent ce type de rapprochement d'autre part. L'analyse de ces normes a travers des sujets sociaux, politiques, religieux et economiques devoile l'originalite de l'islam indien et son rapport aux autres islams."

Cette recherche pr sente les points de vue des juristes d'Asie du Sud au XVIIe si cle au sujet de la vie commune entre les musulmans et les non musulmans.

Der Fiskal am Reichskammergericht

Überblick und exemplarische Untersuchungen vorwiegend zum 16. Jahrhundert

Diese Arbeit soll den Forschungsstand hinsichtlich des Fiskals am Reichskammergericht weiterfuhren. Bei ihrer Erstellung wurden unter anderem Akten einzelner Reichskammergerichtsprozesse und auch die Darstellungen von Harpprecht uber das Reichskammergericht ausgewertet. Ein besonderes Augenmerk legt die Arbeit auf das 16. Jahrhundert, da vor allem in dessen erster Halfte das Amt des Fiskals grundlegende Veranderungen erfuhr. Der Fiskal wandelte sich von einer Person, die ausschliesslich dem Kaiser unterstand und vor dem Reichskammergericht dessen Interessen zu vertreten und durchzusetzen hatte, zu einem, zwar in mancherlei Hinsicht privilegierten, aber doch fest in den Gerichtsbetrieb eingegliederten Angehorigen des Reichskammergerichts. Anhand einzelner RKG-Prozesse wird dargestellt, welch weites Aufgabenfeld der Fiskal zu bewaltigen hatte. Ferner wird die prozessuale Stellung des Fiskals am Reichskammergericht beschrieben. Es wird der Frage nachgegangen, welche Vorrechte der Fiskal zeitweise genoss und wie man Eigenmachtigkeit und Fremdeinfluss auf den Fiskal zu unterbinden suchte."

Der Fiskal wandelte sich von einer Person, die ausschlie lich dem Kaiser unterstand und vor dem Reichskammergericht dessen Interessen zu vertreten und durchzusetzen hatte, zu einem, zwar in mancherlei Hinsicht privilegierten, aber doch ...

The Role of Pedagogical Translation in Second Language Acquisition

From Theory to Practice

Translation can help improve foreign language teaching and learning - this study shows how. In an increasingly globalised world and in an increasingly multilingual Europe, translation plays an important role. Significant signs of a new revival of translation in language teaching have become visible, as shown by recent literature on applied linguistics. This book contributes to this movement, embracing both a theoretical and an empirical purpose by integrating viewpoints from Applied Linguistics, Translation Studies and Second Language Acquisition. In an attempt to show how the use of translation in foreign language classes can help enhance and further improve reading, writing, speaking and listening skills, this work calls for a re-evaluation and a rehabilitation of the translation activities in the foreign language classes.

2 Second Language Acquisition (SLA) 2.1 Introduction to SLA Learning is not
about concrete knowledge but it involves the way people learn, bearing in mind
all their strengths and weaknesses, the strategies and techniques adopted and it
 ...

Subjectivity in a Second Language

Conveying the Expression of Self

Subjectivity, the speaker's expression of self in discourse, is a relatively under-researched area in the field of applied linguistics: this book examines the role of subjectivity in the context of second language use. Drawing on insights from discourse analysis and pragmatics, it describes how a group of students studying French at degree level at the University of Cambridge, England, convey expressions of subjectivity in personal narratives and argumentative language. In this book, the author begins by introducing the reader to key areas in the study of discourse. Using a methodology that has much in common with descriptive linguistics, he provides a wide-ranging account of how forms in language are used to convey the expression of subjectivity. His particular concern is to examine how these markers of subjectivity are used differently by native and non-native speakers of French. The discussion is carefully supplemented throughout with a variety of exemplification and discourse types, including personal narratives in French and English and transcripts of video-taped interactions in role-plays. In the course of his analysis, the author questions long-held assumptions about the way French is taught in secondary schools and in higher education institutions. The range of issues discussed, as well as the variety of examples used, will make this a valuable book not only for students of applied linguistics but also for any reader wishing to gain a deeper understanding of how the expression of subjectivity can contribute to the learning of a second language.

Lastly, the integrated pragmatics theory, used here to deal essentially with the
issue of subjective encoding, will be complemented by an approach especially
intended to study learner language, i.e. the form-function approach. Because of
the ...

Translation in Second Language Learning and Teaching

Proceedings of a conference, "Translation in second language teaching and learning", that took place at the National University of Ireland, Maynooth, March 27-29, 2008

BOGUSLAWA WHYATT Translating as a Way of Improving Language Control in
the Mind of an Lz Learner: Assets, Requirements and Challenges of Translation
Tasks Introduction Learning a second or foreign language is arguably one of the
 ...

Second Language Vocabulary Acquisition

This book offers readers a basic grounding in L2 vocabulary acquisition. In addition, it provides theoretical analyses and empirical data regarding Chinese learners of English: their specific learning difficulties, needs, strategies, etc. The book provides an overview of the research in L2 vocabulary acquisition in the last two decades. Linguistic, psycholinguistic, socio-cultural, neurolinguistic, and corpus linguistics analyses are considered. The book constructs a comprehensive framework for Computer Assisted Vocabulary Learning (CAVL). This is achieved by providing an overview of vocabulary learning in CALL and then proposing a big framework within which most vocabulary learning programs can be conceptualized. The author then gives a detailed account of how Chinese learners approach English vocabulary learning. She provides an up-to-date picture of the overall situation regarding the language policies adopted, the traditional, orthodox approach to language learning, and the recent reforms implemented in Chinese universities. General and specific vocabulary learning difficulties encountered by Chinese learners are documented and analysed and empirical studies are reported.

Introduction The term "second language acquisition" (SLA) covers all the main
areas of language, systematized by time-honoured terms like syntax, grammar,
lexis, pronunciation, etc., and covers the mass of research that endeavours to ...

Motivation and Second Language Acquisition

The Socio-educational Model

Offering a historical and empirical account, this book provides a comprehensive overview of the socio-educational model of second language acquisition. This approach to understanding motivational variables that promote success in the learning of a second or foreign language – distinguishing between language classroom motivation and language learning motivation – is a major one in the history of this field of research. Chapters include a discussion of the definition and measurement of motivation; historical foundations of the model; recent studies with the International Attitude Motivation Test Battery for English as a foreign language in different countries; the implications of the model to the classroom context; and a discussion of criticisms and misconceptions of the model. The book provides graduate students and researchers with unique coverage of this research-oriented approach as well as serving as a source book for the area. It is ideal for courses on motivation in second language learning, or as a supplemental text for research-oriented courses in applied linguistics, educational psychology, or language research in general.

Preface This book is about motivation — the motivation to learn a second or
foreign language. My motivation for writing it is that I perceive some confusion
and misunderstanding about the nature of the motivation to learn languages, ...

Strategic Attention in Language Testing

Metacognition in a Yes/no Business English Vocabulary Test

Thesis (Ph.D.) -- Univ. of Mannheim, 2009.

fields: accounting, banking, economics, finance, computing, human resources,
insurance, law, manufacturing, marketing, property, tax, and statistics. The
bilingual English-German business dictionary by Schafer (2004) lists 30 source
fields, ...

Psycholinguistic thought meets sociocultural theory

die integrativen Zusammenhänge von Fachmethodik und Fremdsprachenlernen im bilingualen (Geschichts-)Unterricht

Die Methodenkompetenz von Jugendlichen besitzt im bilingualen (Geschichts-)Unterricht, in dem sich fach- und sprachmethodische Komponenten zum Konglomerat der "subject skills" vereinen, besondere Relevanz. Am Beispiel der "history skills" wird zunachst das Wesen der fachmethodisch-sprachstrategischen Fahigkeiten von Schulerinnen und Schulern im mehrsprachigen Unterricht genauer beleuchtet und systematisiert. Anschliessend werden verschiedene integrative Zusammenhange zwischen mehrsprachig-fachmethodischer Anwendung und fremdsprachlicher Kompetenzerweiterung diskutiert. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit werden diese Zusammenhange und Annahmen im Rahmen einer qualitativen Studie mit 16- bis 18-Jahrigen uberpruft. Schliesslich werden in einem dritten Teil unterschiedliche didaktisch-methodische Perspektiven und Handlungsnotwendigkeiten fur den bilingualen (Geschichts-)Unterricht aufgezeigt."

Die Methodenkompetenz von Jugendlichen besitzt im bilingualen (Geschichts-)Unterricht, in dem sich fach- und sprachmethodische Komponenten zum Konglomerat der subject skills vereinen, besondere Relevanz.

Developing Academic Literacy

Selected papers presented at the conference held by BALEAP (British Association of Lecturers in English for Academic Purposes) at the University of Southampton in the spring of 2003.

... 77-81 literature review research 104 mathematical literacy research 135— 8t
revision processes research 101-3 vocabulary use ... 22-3, 26, 28 and
discontinuity 27 and literacy practices 33-4 organisation of 60-1 positioning see
positioning (in discourse) and skills ... 128, 144, 161 Dudley-Evans T 45 EAP
practitioners see lecturers EAP toolkit (English for Academic Purposes toolkit)
174 editing, ethical ...