Many attempts have been made to mold the role of the school counselor over the last century. Reviewing the history of the school counselor helps identify the discrepancies within the role of the school counselor and highlights the need for a comprehensive school counseling program. As schools reform to keep up with present day issues and problems, school counselors must also clarify their role to continue to support student's academic, career and personal/social success. The ASCA National Model provides a structured plan for school counselors to implement into their school district to be the most effective. A qualitative research, using the methodology of empirical phenomenology, was conducted to collect the data from a mental health team from a high school setting. Through a focus group and individual one-on-one interviews, the team shared their experiences and the impact of the comprehensive plan that was implemented in their department in 2008.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the implementation of the ASCA National Model by high school principals in their schools. The questions that guided this study were: (1) what was the experience of high school principals who successfully implemented the American School Counselor Association (ASCA) National Model: A Framework for School Counseling Programs in their schools and (2) what was the impetus for high schools principals to implement this model? Six principals completed a series of semi-structured interviews with regards to the implementation of the ASCA National Model in their schools. The interviews were transcribed and then analyzed utilizing Moustakas' modified version of the Stevick-Colaizzi-Keen method of data analysis for phenomenological research. Themes derived from the data analysis suggest that there is a common essential experience with regards to the implementation of the ASCA National Model by high school principals in their school, including seven major categories: (a) impetus for pursuing the implementation of the ASCA National Model, (b) benefits of implementation, (c) counseling program schools had in place, (d) time commitment, (e) the implementation experience, (f) implementation advocates, and (g) advice to peers. No studies were encountered in the literature examining the implementation of the ASCA National Model by high school principals in their schools, highlighting the singular nature of this research. Contributions of the finding to existing literature are presented, implications, limitations and delimitations are explored, and suggestions for future research are provided.
Diantaranja ada tiga matjam jang terpenting dan jang akan kita bahas dalam bab
ini, jakni : penyuluhan, bimbingan kelompok dan klinik bimbingan. Penjuluhan
ialah bimbingan empat-mata antara penjuluh dengan seorang anak. Inilah tehnik
jang paling intensif dalam praktek bimbingan. Dalam bimbingan kelompolc guru
menghadapi beberapa orang anak sekaligus. Tehnik ini digunakan untuk
memberikan penerangan umum dan untuk membahas atau memetjahkan
masalah2 ...