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Effect of Mesoscale Processes on Boundary Layer Structure and Preciptation Patterns: A Diagnostic Evaluation and Validation of MM5 with North Carolina ECOnet Observations

Mesoscale processes, dictated by surface characteristics, play adominant role in the development of the planetary boundary layer (PBL)structure and the formation of convection. The effect of mesoscale processeson the boundary layer structure also has significant implications in theunderstanding of circulation patterns and regional scale predictability. Largegeographical variability in North Carolina (NC) provides a wide variety ofweather events and climatological regimes. There are many challenges for numerical modeling in NC due to theheterogeneity in topography, land use, and soil type, presence of the oceanand the Gulf Stream. These heterogeneous attributes feature an excellentlocation for simulations and validation of the MM5 numerical modeling systemwith observations of high spatial and temporal resolution. MM5 is utilized for a non-precipitation case and a convective caseincluding precipitation with a 5-km domain centered over the Carolinas. Model integration is for 72 hours from 0000Z August 15, 2000 to 0000ZAugust 18, 2000. Simulated hourly surface and sub-surface values areevaluated against in-situ surface observations. These simulations consist ofreal case studies involving MM5 Version 3 with the MRF PBL schemecoupled to the Oregon State University (OSU) land surface model (LSM). The OSU LSM uses 1 km resolution land-use and soil data as input into MM5for capturing the dynamics of land-surface forcing. The acquisition and combination of different agro-meteorological dataacross NC provides high-resolution observations used for validation atmultiple model grid points. For the case studies, these data incorporate hourlyobservation sites throughout North Carolina including 19 ASOS (AutomatedSurface Observing Sites / owned and operated by the NWS and FAA) sitesand 15 ECONet (Environmental and Climate Observing Network: maintainedby State Climate Office of North Carolina) sites. Multiple parameterscompared and investigated using this network of observations include:E.

MM5 is utilized for a non-precipitation case and a convective caseincluding precipitation with a 5-km domain centered over the Carolinas. Model integration is for 72 hours from 0000Z August 15, 2000 to 0000ZAugust 18, 2000.