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Academic Writing in a Second Language

Essays on Research and Pedagogy

Exploring research and pedagogy on second language writing, this volume focuses on issues concerning policy decisions affecting foreign students.

The boundaries of the field of contrastive rhetoric have been gradually increasing
to include, among others, cross-language studies of word recognition, text
structure, oral/aural differences, testing, instruction, and a myriad of other factors
in ...

The Routledge Handbook of Language Testing

The Routledge Handbook of Language Testing offers a critical and comprehensive overview of language testing and assessment within the fields of applied linguistics and language study. An understanding of language testing is essential for applied linguistic research, language education, and a growing range of public policy issues. This handbook is an indispensable introduction and reference to the study of the subject. Specially commissioned chapters by leading academics and researchers of language testing address the most important topics facing researchers and practitioners, including: An overview of the key issues in language testing Key research methods and techniques in language test validation The social and ethical aspects of language testing The philosophical and historical underpinnings of assessment practices The key literature in the field Test design and development practices through use of practical examples The Routledge Handbook of Language Testing is the ideal resource for postgraduate students, language teachers, and those working in the field of applied linguistics.

A special issue of Educational Assessment (13: 2, 2008) is devoted to the
assessment of English language learners in ... of what Mackay (2000) argues for
in her analysis and discussion on ESL (English as a second language) standards
for ...

Investigating Pragmatics in Foreign Language Learning, Teaching and Testing

The book focuses on investigating pragmatic learning, teaching and testing in foreign language contexts. The volume brings together research that investigates these three areas in different formal language learning settings. The number and variety of languages involved both as the first language (e.g. English, Finnish, Iranian, Spanish, Japanese) as well as the target foreign language (e.g. English, French, German, Indonesian, Korean, Spanish) makes the volume specially attractive for language educators in different sociocultural foreign language contexts. Additionally, the different approaches adopted by the researchers participating in this volume, such as information processing, sociocultural, language socialization, computer-mediated or conversation analysis should be of interest to graduate students and researchers working in the area of second language acquisition.

As pragmatic competence has a close relationship with the sociocultural values
and beliefs of the country or the community where the target language is spoken,
English as a Second Language (ESL) learners or those learners who live in the ...

Testing Second Language Speaking

The testing and assessment of second language learners is an essential part of the language learning process. Glenn Fulcher's Testing Second Language Speaking is a state-of-the-art volume that considers the assessment of speaking from historical, theoretical and practical perspectives. The book offers the first systematic, comprehensive and up-to-date treatment of the testing of second language speaking. Written in a clear and accessible manner, it covers: Explanations of the process of test design Costing test design projects How to put the test into practice Evaluation of speaking tests Task types for testing speaking Testing learners with disabilities It also contains a wealth of examples, including task types that are commonly used in speaking tests, approaches to researching speaking tests and specific methodologies that teachers, students and test developers may use in their own projects. Successfully integrating practice and theory, this book demystifies the process of testing speaking and provides a thorough treatment of the key ethical and technical issues in speaking evaluation.

... APA American Psychological Association ASLPR Australian Second
Language Proficiency Ratings ASTP Army Specialized Training Program CASE
Cambridge Assessment of Spoken English CELT Comprehensive English
Language Test ...

Investigating Pragmatics in Foreign Language Learning, Teaching and Testing

The book focuses on investigating pragmatic learning, teaching and testing in foreign language contexts. The volume brings together research that investigates these three areas in different formal language learning settings and focuses on different foreign languages. The book should be of interest to graduate students and researchers working in the area of second language acquisition.

ZOHREH R. ESLAMI and ABBASS ESLAMI-RASEKH Introduction Although
language proficiency is often listed as an area of interest for non-native English-
speaking teachers (NNESTs) in many papers (Mahboob, 2004; Medgyes, 1994; ...

Spirit Puasa

Puasa (shaum) adalah beribadah kepada Allah SWT dengan menahan diri dari makan dan minum serta seluruh yang membatalkannya sejak terbit fajar sampai terbenam matahari. Ia merupakan rukun Islam yang ke 3 setelah shalat. Puasa memiliki banyak kandungan manfaat bagi spiritual dan raga manusia, karena ia adalah olah rohani aktif dan olah raga pasif (diet) dari berbagai macam makanan. Inilah perjuangan seorang muslim dalam menempa diri dari segala macam keburukan dan kejahatan jiwa, hingga ia menjadi suci dan bersih kembali seperti anak yang baru dilahirkan ibunya dan juga menjadi prosesi pembersihan darahnya dari segala macam toksin yang menjangkiti sel tubuhnya. Bahkan, dunia medis mengakui keampuhan dan mukjizatnya bagi tubuh manusia yang tidak bisa diberikan oleh obat-obat kimia yang canggih sekalipun. Oleh karena itu, bila Anda ingin sehat secara rohani dan fisik maka berpuasalah dan siapkanlah diri Anda dengannya baik pada saat bulan Ramadhan atau selainnya agar dapat menjadi hamba Allah SWT yang mulia dan suci lahir batin. -Akbarmedia-

I'tikaf. Dari A'isyah ra, dia berkata, “Adalah Nabi saw jika memasuki sepuluh (hari
terakhir), maka beliau mengencangkan sarungnya, menghidupkan malamnya,
dan membangunkan keluarganya.” (HR Bukhari) Dari Ibnu Umar ra, dia berkata,
“Adalah Rasulullah saw selalu ...

Content-Area Vocabulary Strategies for Science

Contents Introduction v Introductory Lesson: Context Clues 1 Lesson 1: The
Mystery of Light 5 Activity 1: Introducing Vocabulary in Context 5 Activity 2:
Developing Vocabulary in Context 7 Activity 3: Extending Vocabulary Strategies
8 Activity ...

Content-Area Vocabulary Strategies for Social Studies

Each lesson is self-contained, with a reading showing the vocabulary words in
context, a context-clue activity, an extension activity, and a writing activity.
Classroom Before starting Lessons 1-10 of Content-Area Vocabulary Strategies,
 ...

Content-Area Vocabulary Strategies for Language Arts

Each lesson is self-contained, with a reading showing the vocabulary words in
context, a context-clue activity, an extension activity, and a writing activity.
Classroom Management Content-Area Vocabulary Strategies is easy to use.
Simply ...

Cara Tepat Mendapat Pertolongan Allah

Di samping itu, dalam jiwa manusia terdapat tiga potensi atau daya, yaitu daya
pikir, daya emosi, dan nafsu atau syahwat. ... Emosi ketika dikelola dengan baik
akan melahirkan sikap kepahlawanan, juga etos kerja yang tinggi. Semangat ...