Sebanyak 2866 item atau buku ditemukan

State, Society, and Law in Islam

Ottoman Law in Comparative Perspective

This book explores the legal structure of the Ottoman Empire between the sixteenth and early nineteenth centuries and examines its association with the Empire s sociopolitical structure. The author s main focus is on the relationship between formal Islamic law and the law as it was actually administered in seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Istanbul and its environs. Using court records, other primary archival documents, and little-used Islamic literature, Gerber establishes for the first time that large bodies of the law were indeed practiced and enforced as law. This refutes the ethnocentric Western view, propagated by Max Weber, that Islamic law was dispensed arbitrarily because of a widening gap between ossified Muslim law and a changing Muslim society. Gerber furthermore integrates his empirical research into a wider theoretical framework adapted from legal and historical-legal anthropology and uses this material as the basis for comparisons between the Ottoman Empire s legal system and other legal systems, most notably that of Morocco. This book shows that although Islamic law as practiced did have to contend with an inviolable sacred core, historical development nevertheless took place that can shed new light on the civilization of Islam."

In fact, this legal structure is only the empirical data base, and the study seeks to
address some wider questions that should be of interest to students of Islam and
the Middle East as well as to students of historical legal anthropology. The study
casts serious doubt on several fundamental notions concerning the nature of
premodern Islamic society — such as the supposed gap between theory and
practice, one major expression of which was the province of law: the shana was
sacred, ...

Islam in History

Ideas, People, and Events in the Middle East

From secular-minded autocrats like Saddam Hussein to religious fundamentalists like Osama bin Laden, powerful voices in the Islamic world have been united by a fierce hatred of the West. If we want to know why they think the way they do, we have to understand the history of Islam and its continuous interactions with the West. This masterly collection of essays by a leading expert on Islam and the Middle East ranges over the whole sweep of Islamic history and Western attempts to comprehend it.

He did, however, devote some attention to India and Southeast Asia, and
sketched the theory of the Asiatic mode of production, which was subsequently
developed by others. Not surprisingly, given the inadequate and inaccurate
information available to them, the contribution of the sociological founding fathers
to ... One case is of special interest—that of Karl Marx. Marxist analysis of Islam
has been, broadly, of three types. One of these is the doctrine of the Asiatic mode
of production.

The Enterprise of Science in Islam

New Perspectives

Recent historical research and new perspectives on the Islamic scientific tradition.

In the first part of this chapter we shall very briefly sketch out al-Kindl's theory and,
in much greater detail, look at the doctrines advocated by Ibn Rushd and the
criticisms which he directs at al-Kindl. In the second section we shall ... Al-Kindl's
treatise raises several issues that are of great interest to the historian of medieval
science, especially the early stages of scientific culture in Islamic civilization, and
surely warrants an in-depth study of its own. That, however, lies far beyond the ...

Islam and the West

Critical Perspectives on Modernity

The essays in Islam and the West: Critical Perspectives on Modernity approach the interactions of Islam, the West, and modernity through overlapping social, historical, economic, cultural, and philosophical layers. Viewed through this complex prism of analysis, the full dimensions of the relationship become clear and the result is a deeper understanding of the nature of modernity and how other societies can relate to each other.

Theory. and. the. Islamic. Encounter. with. Modernity. Farzin. Vahdat. in his
assessment of the global state of sociology, Immanuel Wallerstein has recently
noted the predominant concern of sociologists from the Middle East with the
place of ... There is some spirited interest in this issue, and some important work
is being done in this area (e.g., Boroujerdi 1996; Karimi-Hakkak 1995; Khuri
1998; Salvatore 1997; Lee 1997; Martin 1989; Rejali 1994), as these efforts
attempt to discuss ...

The West and Islam

Western Liberal Democracy Versus the System of Shura

This book analyzes the relationship between Western and Islamic political ideas. The focus is on the similarities and differences between Western liberal democracy and shura - often seen as the Islamic counterpart to Western democracy. This is the first work to provide a direct and detailed comparison between the two systems of ideas, as given expression in the concrete political systems which have emerged.

(See Wilson, 1990, Interest Groups, pp. 2—27.) See Wilson, 1993, op. cit, p. 131.
See Hague, Harrop and Breslin, 1998, op. cit, p. 115. Ibid., pp. 115—16. Ibid., pp.
115—16. Ibid., p. 117. Ibid., p. 117. See Richardson, 1993, op. cit, p. 4. See
Wilson, 1993, op. cit, p. 134. See Hague, Harrop and Breslin, 1998, op. cit, p. 118
. The theory that political parties and interest groups are antipathetic to each
other's power (when political parties are strong, interest groups are weak and
when ...

Islamic State Practices, International Law and the Threat from Terrorism

A Critique of the 'clash of Civilizations' in the New World Order

In the post '9/11' legal and political environment, Islam and Muslims have been associated with terrorism. Islamic civilization has increasingly been characterized as backward, insular, stagnant and unable to deal with the demands of the twenty first century and differences and schisms between Islam and the west are being perceived as monumental and insurmountable. '9/11' terrorist attacks have unfortunately provided vital ammunition to the critics of Islam and those who champion a 'clash of civilizations'.In this original and incisive study, the author investigates the relationship between Islamic law, States practices and International terrorism. It presents a detailed analysis of the sources of Islamic law and reviews the concepts of Jihad, religious freedom and minority rights within Sharia and Siyar. In eradicating existing misconceptions, the book provides a thorough commentary of the contributions made by Islamic States in the development of international law, including norms on the prohibition of terrorism. It presents a lucid debate on such key issues within classical and modern Islamic State practices as diplomatic immunities, prohibitions on hostage-taking, aerial and maritime terrorism, and the financing of terrorism.The book surveys the unfairness and injustices within international law - a legal system dominated and operated at the behest of a select band of powerful States. It forewarns that unilateralism and the undermining of human rights values in the name of the 'war on terrorism' is producing powerful reactions within Muslim States: the 'new world order' presents a dangerous prognosis of the self-fulfilling prophecy of an inevitable 'clash of civilizations' between the Islamic world and the west.

We must be aware of the superiority of our civilisation, a system that has
guaranteed well-being, respect for human rights—and in contrast with Islamic
countries—respect for religious and political rights. Islamic civilisation is stuck
where it was fourteen hundred years ago.1 It gives us great credibility to say to
the Muslim world: Where have you been since 9/11? Where are your voices of
reason? You humbly open all your prayers in the name of God of mercy and
compassion. But when ...

The Moral imperatives of human rights

a world survey

Violations of this basic right by those who have put it in their constitutions are so
evident all over the world, in Australia, in America, in Africa, in India against
Muslims, in Asia and Europe. ... Because all creation is subservient to divine wish
, Allah's command for justice and equality translates into a set of individual rights
that the Qur'an and traditional legal sources promote and that are akin to those
rights enshrined in international law today.39 Khalid Ishaq also finds textual
support for ...

A Study in Survival

Conan Doyle Solves the Final Problem

Here is dramatic new evidence for the survival of our individual personalities after death. It is provided by an astonishing series of recent communications from a man who died in 1930 and whose mission, when alive, was to bring just such evidence to the notice of the widest possible audience - Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.

Here is dramatic new evidence for the survival of our individual personalities after death.

A Study in Scarlet

A Play Based on the Novel by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

Adapted from Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's first novel, "A Study in Scarlet" follows Sherlock Holmes and his faithful colleague, Dr. John Watson on their first case together. In this stage adaptation, Holmes is enlisted by Inspector Gregson, of Scotland Yard, to help investigate a mysterious murder that took place in an empty house. With no wounds on the body, nor any weapon to be found, and only a few clues to guide him, Holmes must track down the mysterious killer and bring them to justice. The play has a cast of 16 characters total, including 12 male roles and 4 female roles, and accommodates for doubling where needed, though doubling is not necessary. The play is perfect for high school and college performances as well as amateur, community theater, off-broadway and professional venues.

Adapted from Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's first novel, "A Study in Scarlet", "Sherlock Holmes and the Scarlet Avenger" is a dramatization of Sherlock Holmes Dr. John Watson' first adventure together.In this stage adaptation, Holmes is enlisted ...