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Overgeneral Autobiographical Memory in Major Depressive Disorder is Associated with Abnormal Neural Activity During Retrieval

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a psychiatric mood disorder that is associated with abnormal cognitive processes, including overgeneral memory (OGM) for autobiographical events. When asked to produce memories from their own lives, depressed individuals produce fewer specific memories than do their nondepressed peers. The neural basis of OGM in MDD, however, is not yet clear. Specifically, we do not know if depressed individuals exhibit normal memory-related neural activation during encoding; we also do not know if individuals with MDD show neural signatures that have been found to be related to retrieval of content, i.e. cortical reinstatement. To address these questions, depressed and nondepressed adults completed a standard measure of autobiographical memory specificity and, inside a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanner, a paired-associates learning task. At the behavioral level, depressed individuals showed evidence of decreased specificity of autobiographical memory relative to healthy controls, but did not exhibit impairment in associative learning. At the neural level, depressed and nondepressed participants did not differ during encoding. During retrieval, a predicted difference between depressed and nondepressed participants in neural activity in the hippocampus was also not obtained. Importantly, however, compared to their nondepressed peers, depressed individuals showed less activity in the right prefrontal cortex during the successful retrieval of images. In addition, and also counter to hypotheses, there was robust evidence of cortical reinstatement of image category information in both depressed and nondepressed individuals. Together, these findings suggest that OGM in MDD is not related to an inability to reactivate visual information or to an inability to form or encode associative memories. Instead, it seems that if OGM in MDD is related to some systematic aberrant neural function, this abnormality is a subtle difference between depressed and nondepressed individuals in retrieval processes that is mediated by the prefrontal cortex.

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a psychiatric mood disorder that is associated with abnormal cognitive processes, including overgeneral memory (OGM) for autobiographical events.

New Mypsychlab with Pearson Etext -- Standalone Access Card -- For Abnormal Psychology

ALERT: Before you purchase, check with your instructor or review your course syllabus to ensure that youselect the correct ISBN. Several versions of Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products exist for each title, including customized versions for individual schools, and registrations are not transferable. In addition,you may need a CourseID, provided by your instructor, to register for and use Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products. Packages Access codes for Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products may not be included when purchasing or renting from companies other than Pearson; check with the seller before completing your purchase. Used or rental books If you rent or purchase a used book with an access code, the access code may have been redeemed previously and you may have to purchase a new access code. Access codes Access codes that are purchased from sellers other than Pearson carry a higher risk of being either the wrong ISBN or a previously redeemed code. Check with the seller prior to purchase. -- This access code card gives you access to all of MyPsychLab's tools and resources, including a complete eText of your book. You can also buy immediate access to MyPsychLab with Pearson eText online with a credit card atwww.mypsychlab.com. The most authoritative and comprehensive text in Abnormal Psychology, now with DSM-5 coverage throughout. The esteemed author team of Jim Butcher, Jill Hooley, and Sue Mineka offers students the most thoroughly researched, engaging, and up-to-date explanation of psychopathology, creating a learning experience that provokes thought and increases awareness. By adopting a comprehensive bio-psycho-social perspective, this text takes students to levels of understanding that other books do not offer. The 16th edition of Abnormal Psychology reflects the revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5). Hundreds of new references have been added to reflect the ever-changing field of abnormal psychology. MyPsychLab is an integral part of the Butcher / Mineka / Hooley program. Key learning applications include MyPsychLab video series with new virtual case studies. Teaching & Learning Experience Personalize Learning - MyPsychLab is an online homework, tutorial, and assessment program. It helps students prepare for class and instructor gauge individual and class performance. Explore Research – The authors present their diverse research interests in an exciting way that provokes thought and increase awareness. Improve Critical Thinking – Review questions at the end of major sections within the chapters provide opportunities for self-assessment and reinforce learning. Engage Students – Most chapters begin with a Case Study to engage students' attention right from the outset. Support Instructors – A full set of supplements, including MyPsychLab, provides instructors with all the resources and support they need. Note: MyPsychLab does not come automatically packaged with this text. To purchase MyPsychLab, pl

By adopting a comprehensive bio-psycho-social perspective, this text takes students to levels of understanding that other books do not offer.

Abnormal Psychology, 2nd Edition

This innovative book encourages readers to see that the multiple forces of causality in mental illness are frequently more important than the rigid definitions of diagnosis. While thoroughly covering the DSM system, the second edition places DMS-IV in a larger context, focusing on six core concepts designed to help them better detail, classify, explain and understand abnormal behavior. In addition, biological explanations and treatments at the beginning of each chapter highlight the growing emphasis on the biological components of psychological disorders.

This innovative book encourages readers to see that the multiple forces of causality in mental illness are frequently more important than the rigid definitions of diagnosis.