Asia Tenggara abad ke-13 sampai abad ke-18, yang cenderung digambarkan statis oleh sebagian sejarawan, kontras dengan pembangunan monumen pada Negara klasik dan dinamika perdagangan dari kolonialis modern, dalam pandangan Anthony Reid harus diubah. Justru pada abad ke-15 hingga pertengahan abad ke-17 inilah, Asia tenggara mengalami kotanisasi atau orientasi kota. Di kota-lah serangkaian ide dan teknologi yang menjanjikan peningkatan kebutuhan material dan spiritual saling dipertukarkan, arus urbanisasi kian meningkat, berbarengan dengan makin gencar dan terkristalnya revolusi keagamaan-Budha, Islam, dan Kristen - dan kebangkitan monarki absolut. Kosmopolitanisme ini memungkinkan, lewat jaringan perdagangan, Banten di Jawa Barat mampu bertalian dengan kota Bangkok di Thailand yang terus bersambung ke Kalkuta India, hingga Duke of York dan Raja Charles II di London. Mengapa pula Asia Tenggara runtuh? Buku ini akan memberikan jawaban secara komprehensif.
Asia Tenggara abad ke-13 sampai abad ke-18, yang cenderung digambarkan statis oleh sebagian sejarawan, kontras dengan pembangunan monumen pada Negara klasik dan dinamika perdagangan dari kolonialis modern, dalam pandangan Anthony Reid harus ...
Buku Asia Tenggara dalam Kurun Niaga 1450-1680: Tanah di Bawah Angin ini merupakan jilid pertama dari dua jilid penyusunan kronik permulaan kebudayaan Asia Tenggara dari tahun 1450 hingga 1680. Anthony Reid bersemangat meneliti secara cermat kehidupan sehari-hari masyarakat dalam hal wilayah, makanan, perumahan, perniagaan, pola-pola kesejahteraan, dan pertunjukan populer. Kajiannya memungkinkan kita menyadari adanya pertautan dan variasi yang luar biasa dalam mozaik Asia Tenggara yang rumit. Pembaca bisa menyimak kajian tentang Asia Tenggara sebagai kesatuan fisik dan kesatuan manusia, kesejahteraan fisik (jumlah penduduk, pola pertanian penggunaan tanah, kuliner, hingga wabah dan penyakit epidemik yang melanda Asia Tenggara), kebudayaan material (perabotan, pakaian, kerajinan emas dan perak, serta berbagai produk fisik berupa logam), pengaturan masyarakat (peperangan, mobilisasi buruh, hukum perkawinan, hingga peran perempuan), dan pesta keramaian dan dunia hiburan (Negara panggung, permainan rakyat, hingga kesusastraan lisan dan tulisan).
Anthony Reid bersemangat meneliti secara cermat kehidupan sehari-hari masyarakat dalam hal wilayah, makanan, perumahan, perniagaan, pola-pola kesejahteraan, dan pertunjukan populer.
In northern Sumatra, as in Malaya, colonial rule embraced an extravagant array of sultans, rajas, datuks and uleebalangs. In Malaya the traditional Malay elite served as a barrier to evolutionary change and survived the transition to independence, but in Sumatra a wave of violence and killing wiped out the traditional elite in 1945-46. Anthony Reid's The Blood of the People, now available in a new edition, explores the circumstances of Sumatra's sharp break with the past during what has been labelled its "social revolution." The events in northern Sumatra were among the most dramatic episodes of Indonesia's national revolution, and brought about more profound changes even than in Java, from where the revolution is normally viewed. Some ethnic groups saw the revolution as a popular, peasant-supported movement that liberated them from foreign rule. Others, though, felt victimised by a radical, levelling agenda imposed by outsiders. Java, with a relatively homogeneous population, passed through the revolution without significant social change. The ethnic complexity of Sumatra, in contrast, meant that the revolution demanded and altogether new "Indonesian" identity to override the competing ethnic categories of the past.
Dutch and British archives also provide intelligence reports for the Japanese and
revolutionary periods, but they are disappointingly blind to the most vital
revolutionary developments. Few Japanese documents of substance have yet
come to light in the archives of the SelfDefence Agency in Tokyo beyond those
already published (below under Benda and Reid). For these periods one must
rely mainly on such newspaper collections as exist (often in private hands) and
on the written or ...
At the heart of the on-going armed conflict in southern Thailand is a fundamental disagreement about the history of relations between the Patani Malays and the Thai kingdom. While the Thai royalist-nationalist version of history regards Patani as part of that kingdom "since time immemorial," Patani Malay nationalists look back to a golden age when the Sultanate of Patani was an independent, prosperous trading state and a renowned center for Islamic education and scholarship in Southeast Asia — a time before it was defeated, broken up, and brought under the control of the Thai state. While still influential, in recent years these diametrically opposed views of the past have begun to make way for more nuanced and varied interpretations. Patani scholars, intellectuals and students now explore their history more freely and confidently than in the past, while the once-rigid Thai nationalist narrative is open to more pluralistic interpretations. There is growing interaction and dialogue between historians writing in Thai, Malay and English, and engagement with sources and scholarship in other languages, including Chinese and Arabic. In The Ghosts of the Past in Southern Thailand, 13 scholars who have worked on this sensitive region evaluate the current state of current historical writing about the Patani Malays of southern Thailand. The essays in this book demonstrate that an understanding of the conflict must take into account the historical dimensions of relations between Patani and the Thai kingdom, and the ongoing influence of these perceptions on Thai state officials, militants, and the local population.
Essays on the History and Historiography of Patani Anthony Reid, Barbara
Watson Andaya, Geoff Wade, Azyumardi Azra, Numan Hayimasae, Christopher
Joll, Francis R. Bradley, Philip King, Dennis Walker, Kobkua Suwannathat-Pian,
Iik A. Mansurnoor, Duncan McCargo Patrick Jory ...
The twelve chapters of this book all derive from the reflections of a prominent historian on the nature of modern Indonesian history, over a 40-year time span. A central thread running through the book is the importance of the fact that Indonesia entered the modern community of nation-states through political revolution. This revolution has often been denied or downplayed as a failure because it did not have a communist outcome like those of China and Vietnam. A much better analogy is the French revolution - a profound breaking with and discrediting of the ancien regime but without the guiding hand of a disciplined party intent on power. Like other revolutions, it demanded a huge price in violence, human suffering, and the loss of cultural traditions; like them too, it offered a glittering prize. The prize turned out not to be the freedom and equality of which the revolutionaries had dreamt, but a previously inconceivable unity enforced by a state of a completely new kind. The Faustian bargain in by which Indonesia was created in the 1940s is at the heart of this book. All the chapters save one have been revised and updated for this publication, with the injection of some additional optimism called for by post-1998 democracy. The exception is the earliest paper, from 1967, on the paroxysm of violence that punctuated Indonesia's independent history from 1965-1966. This piece has been left unchanged as a document in the early quest for understanding of those horrific events.
The twelve chapters of this book all derive from the reflections of a prominent historian on the nature of modern Indonesian history, over a 40-year time span.
Indonesia's early modern history, is explained in full showing how the various states contributed to the global economy reaching a 17th-century heyday before the fall of the last states in 1900.
Indonesia's early modern history, is explained in full showing how the various states contributed to the global economy reaching a 17th-century heyday before the fall of the last states in 1900.
