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The Life Cycle of New Ventures

Emergence, Newness and Growth

The contributors to this book provide a cross-national comparison of venture emergence, newness and growth. Their chapters examine the influences of cultural, social and economic factors on venture development, compare the approaches of entrepreneurs who move from idea to emerging organization, and investigate acquisition and development of resources in growth and performance. The authors consider important issues in new ventures research such as technology commercialization, management team development, and influence of equity funding. While its particular focus is on Norway and the US, the book offers broad and intriguing contributions with regard to the emergence and growth of knowledge based firms in developed economies, and has implications for both direct and indirect government policy with regard to stimulating the formation and development of knowledge based firms. Scholars and students of entrepreneurship, international studies and economics, policymakers, international business experts and economic development specialists will find this rigorous analysis of the utmost importance.

Emergence, Newness and Growth Candida G. Brush, Lars Kolvereid, L. Oystein
Widding, Roger Sorheim. PART III Newness 7. A process model of venture
creation by immigrant entrepreneurs Part III: Newness.

Islamic Banking

'People are too inclined to regard their current institutions as the inevitable outcome of a natural evolutionary process. In respect of banking, it is salutary to note that Islamic banking works on a quite different, non-interest-bearing, basis from Western banking; and that several major religions, including Christianity, were in earlier times ethically opposed to interest/usury, but only Islam now keeps that faith. Professor Mervyn Lewis is a highly respected authority on (Western) banking and finance, and Latifa Algaoud is a senior official in Bahrain with a deep knowledge of Islamic banking institutions. Between them they present a highly readable assessment of Islamic banking from both (East/West) viewpoints, with a clear account of its history and principles, and its current position and state.' - Charles Goodhart, London School of Economics, UK 'Islamic banking has become a significant part of global banking. This is a very timely and well written book which successfully links the modern theories of conventional banking and financial intermediation and the theoretical and practical aspects of Islamic banking. By linking theory and practice, and setting Islamic banking in a wider analytical framework, the book will be invaluable to anyone with a theoretical, practical or regulatory interest in Islamic banking.' - David T. Llewellyn, Loughborough University, UK the prohibition of interest is the feature of Islamic banking which most distinctly sets it apart from conventional banking. to Western eyes, this seems a strange restriction, but Christian countries themselves maintained such a ban for 1,400 years. Islamic Banking asks why Islam has been able to maintain its stand. the book explores the intricacies of Islamic law and the religious and ethical factors underpinning Islamic banking. It then considers the analytical basis of Islamic banking in the light of modern theories of financial intermediation, and identifies the conceptual issues to be overcome.

This is a very timely and well written book which successfully links the modern theories of conventional banking and financial intermediation and the theoretical and practical aspects of Islamic banking.

Risk and Regulation of Islamic Banking

The expert contributors examine why an ethical foundation is important and why the system requires well-thought-out regulations to ensure outcomes that protect the community�s well-being. The volume explores in detail the nature of Islamic banking prod

Following an initial volume, The Foundations ofIslamic Banking. Theory, Practice
and Education, 2011, the first volume in the series dealt with a specialized area,
namely The Islamic Debt Marketfor Sukuk Securities (2012). The present book is
 ...

The Foundations of Islamic Banking

Theory, Practice and Education

After barely half a century of experience, Islamic banking has become established as a new niche industry across the world offering new and sophisticated financial products designed to be compliant with the principles of Islamic legal principles and common law. This comprehensive book explores the theory, principles and practices underpinning this rapidly expanding sector of banking. Expert contributors ¿ including eminent scholars and senior practitioners in the field ¿ examine the roots of the principles of ethical Islamic financial transactions, which have evolved over several millennia, on issuesincluding usury, interest rates, financial contracting for funding enterprises, for mortgages, for leasing and other financial transactions. Regulatory and governance issues are discussed, and the practice and operation of Islamicfinancial institutions are explained via three distinct case studies. Importantly, the final chapter looks at what steps are being taken to provide professional accreditation to Islamic banking professional personnel, and prescribes requirements for training in this growing industry.

Subsequent writings also on the practices of Islamic banking have made
important contributions, on the one hand to the evolution of new forms of Islamic
business enterprises and on the other to conceptual development of Islamic
modes and ...

Islamic Banking and Finance in the European Union

A Challenge

As an introduction to the complex issue of harmonization of legal and regulatory structure of the European financial system and Islamic finance, this is a useful and welcome volume. The ideas, insights and practical issues addressed in the informed papers that compose the book should be valuable for academics and students of finance, and to those who provide legal and financial services. The book will be helpful also to European regulators who have yet to appreciate the importance of Islamic finance and its potential contribution to financial globalization as well as to European economic growth. Abbas Mirakhor, Former Executive Director, International Monetary Fund, US This timely book examines the authorization of Shari ah-compliant intermediaries as either credit institutions or as investment companies in the European Union. The contributing authors explore the key topics of this area through differing yet parallel perspectives for example, comparing economic and legal standpoints, looking at both European and national levels and considering both academic and technical approaches. The book discusses the common origin of Islamic and Western traditions in commercial and banking transactions, reviewing a period in which the Italian merchants and their organizations drove the rebirth of post-medieval society in trade and law. The editors investigate whether the Islamic banking and financial model complies with the European framework, spelling out the different experiences in single Member States (Germany, France, Italy, and the United Kingdom). Notwithstanding the obstacles to being authorized as domestic credit institutions, they conclude that the access of Islamic intermediaries is suitable and may have positive effects on European integration, as well as increasing the competition among the stand-still operators and evoking the ethical dimension of banking and finance. The book also highlights how Islamic banking would make the industry more inclusive. This multidisciplinary book will appeal greatly to economics and legal scholars with an interest in European and international banking and financial law, as well as postgraduate students in international law and banking law. Practitioners and regulators will also find this book an invaluable resource.

Conventional and Islamic banking activity had different evolutions, although they
have common origins and foundations in interest prohibition: historically, these
have been essentially connected to the extreme poverty of some borrowers; ...

Handbook of Islamic Banking

The Handbook of Islamic Banking comprises 25 studies by leading international experts on Islamic banking and finance specially commissioned to analyse the various debates and the current state of play in the field. From its origins thirty years ago, Islamic banking has expanded rapidly to become a distinctive and fast growing segment of the international banking and capital markets. Despite this expansion, Islamic banking still remains poorly understood in many parts of the Muslim world and continues to be a mystery in much of the West. This comprehensive Handbook provides a succinct analysis of the workings of Islamic banking and finance, accessible to a wide range of readers. At the same time, it seeks to bring the current research agenda and the main issues on Islamic banking before a wider audience. Islamic banking offers, as an alternative to conventional interest-based financing methods, a wide variety of financial instruments and investment vehicles based on profit-and-loss sharing arrangements. These are all explored in detail along with other subjects such as governance and risk management, securities and investment, structured financing, accounting and regulation, economic development and globalization. M. Kabir Hassan, Mervyn Lewis and the other contributors have created an authoritative and original reference work, which will contribute to a wider understanding of Islamic banking as well as provoking further discussion and research. It will be invaluable to all scholars, researchers and policymakers with an interest in this subject.

Major international infrastructure institutions established so far that support the
Islamic financial industry include the following: 1 . Islamic Development Bank
Group (IDB Group), 2. Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial
 ...

Morality and Justice in Islamic Economics and Finance

øMankind is faced with a number of serious problems that demand an effective solution. The prevalence of injustice and the frequency of financial crises are two of the most serious of these problems. Consisting of an in-depth introduction along with a

Ibn Khaldun's theory of development: does it help explain the low performance of
the present-day Muslim world?* 4.1 INTRODUCTION The development and
decline of economies and societies has been of interest to scholars throughout ...

Islamic Finance in Europe

Towards a Plural Financial System

Highlighting the impact of current globalization on financial markets, this topical book challenges the universality of Western property rights and interprets Islamic finance in Europe as part of a plural financial system, where different conceptions of economic justice(s) co-exist and influence each other. The contributing authors analyse key economic development and social integration issues from an Islamic perspective and outline the European approach to accommodating Islamic finance, with particular regard to the peculiarities of individual nation-states. Set in this context, the book presents financial pluralism as a device to enhance a level playing field in the global marketplace, as well as to foster a plural open society. Providing a comprehensive and methodological guide to Islamic finance in Europe, this book will prove an illuminating and informative read for academics, students and policymakers with an interest in the impact on financial regulation of an increasingly globalized world.

development: an. Islamic. perspective. Salman. Syed. Ali. INTRODUCTION The
financial crises such as the global financial crisis of 2007409 and its aftermath as
well as the present sovereign debt crisis of Europe have adversely affected the ...

Central Bank Reserve Management

New Trends, from Liquidity to Return

This book addresses the welfare gains and costs of accumulating foreign exchange reserves and the implications for the functioning of the global financial system. The tremendous growth of central bank reserves has led to an increased focus on raising returns in addition to the traditional preference central banks have for maintaining liquid portfolios. Issues such as asset and currency diversification, the impact of new accounting rules and the profit distribution agreements with the government are analysed, adding new insights to the current debate on the optimal size of central bank reserves. This book brings together a wide range of experts from central banks, investment banks and the academic community.

The obligor is the Treasury in the former case and both the Treasury and the
Bangko Sentral in the latter case. Another exception among monetary authorities
is Hong Kong, where only a small fraction of reserves are financed with
Exchange ...

Central Bank Independence, Targets, and Credibility

Political and Economic Aspects of Delegation Arrangements for Monetary Policy

This book integrates new political and economic elements into the analysis of monetary policy credibility and central bank independence. The author considers imperfect monetary control, rational voters, distributional issues and uncertainty about future policy objectives in his welfare analysis of central banking. The role played by the different institutional elements that contribute to the making of an independent central bank is also assessed. A distinction is made between central bank independence and targets offering new insights into how a more inflation averse monetary policy may actually be achieved. Finally, explanations for the variation of central bank independence and conservatism across different countries are provided. This book will appeal to researchers, academics and policy makers in the fields of monetary policy, financial economics, money and banking and political economy.

Central. Bank. Independence,. Targets. and. Credibility: Motivation. and.
Overview. 1.1. INTRODUCTION. The idea that a welfare gain can be expected
from the creation of an independent central bank has been much debated in the
last ...