Incorporating a collection of recent results, Pólya Urn Models deals with discrete probability through the modern and evolving urn theory and its numerous applications. The book first substantiates the realization of distributions with urn arguments and introduces several modern tools, including exchangeability and stochastic processes via urns. It reviews classical probability problems and presents dichromatic Pólya urns as a basic discrete structure growing in discrete time. The author then embeds the discrete Pólya urn scheme in Poisson processes to achieve an equivalent view in continuous time, provides heuristical arguments to connect the Pólya process to the discrete urn scheme, and explores extensions and generalizations. He also discusses how functional equations for moment generating functions can be obtained and solved. The final chapters cover applications of urns to computer science and bioscience. Examining how urns can help conceptualize discrete probability principles, this book provides information pertinent to the modeling of dynamically evolving systems where particles come and go according to governing rules.
Examining how urns can help conceptualize discrete probability principles, this book provides information pertinent to the modeling of dynamically evolving systems where particles come and go according to governing rules.
Internasional. dan. Lingkungan. Hidup. : Implikasi. bagi. Indonesia. KURNYA
ROESAD PENDAHULUAN PROSES liberalisasi perdagangan berlangsung baik
pada tingkat global maupun regional . Pada tingkat global , pemerintahan di
setiap ...
This book illustrates the impact of soft computing techniques on software engineering research and practices dealing with a range of novel methods reshaping the software development process. Specifically, it is shown how Software Engineering tasks such as reuse-oriented classification (e.g. components’ repositories), software diagnostic (e.g. bug detection and correction), effort prediction (e.g. project costs and time estimation), planning (e.g. project scheduling) and others can be appropriately handled by means of soft computing techniques. The book is a valuable reference for practitioners as well as an updated resource of ongoing interdisciplinary research in Soft Computing in Software Engineering.
Ernesto Damiani1, Lakhmi Jain2, and Mauro Madravio1 1 Department of
Information Technology University of Milan edamiam, mmadravio9crema.ux1in1i.
it 2 Knowledge-based Engineering Systems (KES) Center University of South
Australia ...
Pengetahuan harus didasarkan pada observasi empiris, demikianlah
pengandaian ilmu-ilmu dewasa ini. Sikap empiris macam ini cukup menggejala
di Inggris, sehingga kerap kali tradisi Anglosak- son disamakan dengan tradisi
empiris.