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The Working Man's Reward

Chicago's Early Suburbs and the Roots of American Sprawl

Between the 1860s and 1920s, Chicago's working-class immigrants designed the American dream of home-ownership. They imagined homes as small businesses, homes that were simultaneously a consumer-oriented respite from work and a productive space that workers hoped to control. Leapfrogging out of town along with Chicago's assembly-line factories, Chicago's early suburbs were remarkably diverse. These suburbs were marketed with the elusive promise that homeownership might offer some bulwark against the vicissitudes of industrial capitalism, that homes might be "better than a bank for a poor man," in the words of one evocative advertisement, and "the working man's reward." This promise evolved into what Lewinnek terms "the mortgages of whiteness:" the hope that property values might increase if that property could be kept white. Suburbs also developed through nineteenth-century notions of the gendered respectability of domesticity, early ideas about city planning and land economics, as well as an evolving twentieth-century discourse about the racial attributes of property values. Because Chicago presented itself as a paradigmatic American city and because numerous Chicago-based experts eventually instituted national real-estate programs, Chicago's early growth affected the growth of twentieth-century America. Framed by two working-class riots against suburbanization in 1872 and 1919, spurred from both above and below, this work shows how Chicagoans helped form America's urban sprawl and examines the roots of America's suburbanization, synthesizing the new suburban history into the diversity of America's suburbs.

Framed by two working-class riots against suburbanization in 1872 and 1919, spurred from both above and below, this work shows how Chicagoans helped form America's urban sprawl and examines the roots of America's suburbanization, ...

Pengantar pedagogik (dasar-dasar ilmu mendidik)

Human rights in the Occupied Territories, 1971

Name of Family Muhammad Sa'id Hushaima Jum'a Sa'id Hushaima 'Arabiya 'Abd
al-Rahman al-Qutb Walid Muhammad al-Qawasimi Sami Dib 'Awad Allah Tamim
Sa'id al-Salayima 'Azmi Jabri al-Z'aitir Sabri Ahmad al-Z'aitir Musa 'Abd Allah Abu
Snaineh Name of Family 'Abd Allah Abu 'Asab Number of Owner. Ribhi Ibrahim
Quwaidir Ibrahim Rashid Hijazi 'Ali Yasin Abu Sirriyeh Salah 'Ali al-Hajawi Asiya
Ibrahim 'Azkul 'Abd al-Qadir 'Atiya Jad Allah Salim Muhammad 'Arab Ibrahim ...

Perilaku politik elit Muhammadiyah

Political behavior of the elite of Muhamadiyah, an Indonesian Islamic organization; research in Pekajangan, Kabupaten Pekalongan, Central Java.

Abdurrahman berniat pergi ke Yogyakarta untuk mencari informasi tentang
organisasi Muhammadiyah itu, tetapi dihalang-halangi oleh beberapa sahabat
dekatnya seperti Chumasi Hardjosubroto dan kawan-kawan dengan alasan
bahwa Muhammadiyah itu merupakan perkumpulan Kristen karena
mempraktekkan cara-cara yang baru dalam kegiatannya5. Namun, H.
Abdurrahman tidak mempercayai anggapan yang negatif itu dan dengan teguh
hati akhirnya berangkat ke ...

Tradition and Authenticity in the Search for Ecumenic Wisdom

Our emerging world system is bringing the great traditions and cultures it has spawned into ever more intimate and dangerous contact. Langan argues that we must struggle toward a unity of discourse respectful of genuine experiences of varying civilizations if we are to live peacefully on one planet.

Celestial Wisdom for Every Year of Your Life

Discover the Hidden Meaning of Your Age

This work is a guide to the general trends one can expect in each year of a person's life. Organized first by decade, then specific year within each decade, this guide gives new insights and helpful prognostications to the total sweep of the human life span. Each one of us is given different chances and choices. Our families, friends, personal horoscopes, and above all, the decisions we make during our lifetimes all interact with these more general influences to shape our lives.

Evolutionary Computation in Combinatorial Optimization

7th European Conference, EvoCOP 2007, Valencia, Spain, April 11-13, 2007, Proceedings

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Evolutionary Computation in Combinatorial Optimization, EvoCOP 2007, held in Valencia, Spain in April 2007. The 21 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 81 submissions. The papers cover evolutionary algorithms as well as various other metaheuristics, like scatter search, tabu search, memetic algorithms, variable neighborhood search, greedy randomized adaptive search procedures, ant colony optimization, and particle swarm optimization algorithms. The papers are specifically dedicated to the application of evolutionary computation and related methods to combinatorial optimization problems and cover any issue of metaheuristic for combinatorial optimization. The papers deal with representations, heuristics, analysis of problem structures, and comparisons of algorithms. The list of studied combinatorial optimization problems includes prominent examples like graph coloring, knapsack problems, the traveling salesperson problem, scheduling, graph matching, as well as specific real-world problems.

Prominent examples of metaheuristics are evolutionary algorithms, simulated
annealing, tabu search, scatter search, memetic algorithms, variable
neighborhood search, iterated local search, greedy randomized adaptive search
procedures, ...