Sebanyak 634 item atau buku ditemukan

Die Hallstein-Doktrin - Politische Macht oder Ohnmacht?

Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2009 im Fachbereich Geschichte Europa - Deutschland - Nachkriegszeit, Kalter Krieg, Note: 2,3, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel (Historisches Seminar), Veranstaltung: Hauptseminar "Die skandinavischen Staaten und die deutsche Frage nach 1945", Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Die Außenpolitik der Bundesrepublik Deutschland von 1955 bis Ende 1972 prägte eine Hardliner-Politik mit dem Ziel die Anerkennung der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik als zweiten souveränen deutschen Staat zu unterbinden. Das Mittel zur Durchsetzung des Alleinvertretungsanspruchs war die sogenannte Hallstein-Doktrin: ein Leitfaden für das Auswärtige Amt mit erheblichem Abschreckungspotenzial. Diese Hausarbeit versucht anhand von ausgewählten Fällen die Frage zu klären, ob die Hallstein-Doktrin einen erheblichen Machtfaktor oder eine einschneidende Selbstbeschränkung für die Bundesrepublik darstellte. Im weiteren Verlauf werden unterschiedliche geprägte Phasen und Interpretationen der Hallstein-Doktrin verdeutlicht.

Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2009 im Fachbereich Geschichte Europa - Deutschland - Nachkriegszeit, Kalter Krieg, Note: 2,3, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel (Historisches Seminar), Veranstaltung: Hauptseminar "Die skandinavischen Staaten ...

Kronik Revolusi Indonesia jilid V

Buku ini merupakan jilid kelima dari seri kronik tentang Revolusi Indonesia, 1945–49. Seri ini dirancang untuk meliput semua peristiwa yang menjadi berita pada lima tahun pertama Indonesia merdeka. Itu berarti tidak hanya mencakup peristiwa politik dan militer, tetapi juga ekonomi, hukum, pendidikan, sains dan teknologi, agama, dan lain-lain yang biasa diistilahkan dengan bidang cultural universals. Seri kronik ini terdiri dari lima jilid, meliputi rentang waktu lima tahun, masing-masing dengan ketebalan paling sedikit 500 halaman. Besarnya jumlah halaman sedikitnya memperlihatkan bahwa kronik ini lebih lengkap dan lebih melingkupi daripada buku-buku kronik tentang Revolusi Indonesia lainnya. Oleh karena itu, kronik ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan yang terpercaya bagi mereka yang membutuhkan. Buku ini layak dimiliki oleh para sejarawan, ilmuwan sosial, budayawan, pustakawan, mahasiswa, dan peminat sejarah pada umumnya.

Historis pelaku Serangan Umum tersebut ialah Tentara Pelajar (TP) di bawah
Letkol Slamet Rijadi selaku Komandan Wehrkreise100/Komandan Brigade V Div
. II, bersama kesatuan-kesatuan Tentara Nasional Indonesia (TNI) dibawah
Mayor Achmadi selaku Komandan Sub-Wehrkreise Arjuna 106/Komandan Det. II
TP Brig. ... Islam atas nama Indonesia (Star umat Weekly, Islam (NII) bangsa di
30 MadinahOktober Indo1949:21) * b lis Di Taman Ksatria Kotaraja (sekarang
Banda ...

Paket Panca Azimat Revolusi

“Kita merayakan 20 tahun Agustus agung ini di waktu kita sudah mempunyai Panca Azimat. Panca Azimat adalah pengejawantahan daripada seluruh jiwa nasional kita, konsepsi nasional kita, yang terbentuk di sepanjang sejarah 40 tahun lamanya.” — Sukarno, 17 Agustus 1965 Pada pidato kepresidenan 17 Agustus 1965 itu Sukarno merumuskan apa yang ia sebut panca azimat atau rukun lima kemerdekaan Indonesia—tuturan yang mungkin tak banyak diingat atau dicermati terutama setelah hampir lima puluh tahun berselang. Panca azimat merupakan ide-ide yang digali dan diformulakan Bung Karno dari kehidupan bersama bangsa Indonesia baik pada masa prakemerdekaan maupun pascakemerdekaan. Ide-ide itu tersebar dalam lima pokok tulisan dan ujaran yang merentang dari 1926 hingga 1965. Pertama ialah artikel “Nasionalisme, Islamisme, dan Marxisme” yang terbit pada Suluh Indonesia tahun 1926. Yang kedua, pidato “Lahirnya Pancasila” dalam sidang BPUPK 1 Juni 1945. Ketiga adalah “Penemuan Kembali Revolusi Kita” tahun 1959. Keempat, “Tahun Vivere Pericoloso/Trisakti” 1964 dan yang terakhir adalah “Capailah Bintang-bintang di Langit atau Tahun Berdikari” 1965. Di samping menghimpun lima amulet tersebut, buku Panca Azimat Revolusi ini juga memuat tujuh tulisan Sukarno yang dianggap penting. Semoga, dalam dua jilid yang hanya setebal 1.080 halaman ini, siapa pun dapat menikmati kembali spektrum pemikiran salah satu pendiri dan putra terbaik republik ini.

agar supaja mengerahkan sebanjak mungkin utusanutusan Islam ke dalam
badan perwakilan ini. Ibaratnja Badan Perwakilan Rakjat 100 orang anggotanja,
marilah kita bekerdja, bekerdja sekeraskerasnja, agar supaja 60, 70,80, 90
utusan jang duduk dalam perwakilan rakjat ini orang Islam, pemukapemuka
Islam. Dengan sendirinja hukumhukum jang keluar dan Badan Perwakilan
Rakjat itu, hukum Islam pula. Malahan saja jakin, djikalau hal jang demikian itu
njata terjadi, barulah ...

Humanism and Protestantism in Early Modern English Education

This volume is the first attempt to assess the impact of both humanism and Protestantism on the education offered to a wide range of adolescents in the hundreds of grammar schools operating in England between the Reformation and the Enlightenment. By placing that education in the context of Lutheran, Calvinist and Jesuit education abroad, it offers an overview of the uses to which Latin and Greek were put in English schools, and identifies the strategies devised by clergy and laity in England for coping with the tensions between classical studies and Protestant doctrine. It also offers a reassessment of the role of the 'godly' in English education, and demonstrates the many ways in which a classical education came to be combined with close support for the English Crown and established church. One of the major sources used is the school textbooks which were incorporated into the 'English Stock' set up by leading members of the Stationers' Company of London and reproduced in hundreds of thousands of copies during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Although the core of classical education remained essentially the same for two centuries, there was a growing gulf between the methods by which classics were taught in elite institutions such as Winchester and Westminster and in the many town and country grammar schools in which translations or bilingual versions of many classical texts were given to weaker students. The success of these new translations probably encouraged editors and publishers to offer those adults who had received little or no classical education new versions of works by Aesop, Cicero, Ovid, Virgil, Seneca and Caesar. This fascination with ancient Greece and Rome left its mark not only on the lifestyle and literary tastes of the educated elite, but also reinforced the strongly moralistic outlook of many of the English laity who equated virtue and good works with pleasing God and meriting salvation.

In the first part of this chapter, we will look at the two-stage grammar most often
used in the lower forms of English grammar schools - the Shorte introduction of
grammar and the Brevissima institutio associated with William Lily; then in the
rest of the chapter we will examine the typical reading materials through which
beginners were led next. In one form or another 'Lily's grammar' remained the
most commonly used grammar in England for over three hundred years, and
helped shape ...

Humanism and Protestantism in Early Modern English Education

This volume is the first attempt to assess the impact of both humanism and Protestantism on the education offered to a wide range of adolescents in the hundreds of grammar schools operating in England between the Reformation and the Enlightenment. By placing that education in the context of Lutheran, Calvinist and Jesuit education abroad, it offers an overview of the uses to which Latin and Greek were put in English schools, and identifies the strategies devised by clergy and laity in England for coping with the tensions between classical studies and Protestant doctrine. It also offers a reassessment of the role of the 'godly' in English education, and demonstrates the many ways in which a classical education came to be combined with close support for the English Crown and established church.

In the first part of this chapter, we will look at the two-stage grammar most often
used in the lower forms of English grammar schools - the Shorte introduction of
grammar and the Brevissima institutio associated with William Lily; then in the
rest of the chapter we will examine the typical reading materials through which
beginners were led next. In one form or another 'Lily's grammar' remained the
most commonly used grammar in England for over three hundred years, and
helped shape ...

Early Modern English Literature

Providing comprehensive background material on the contexts in which early modern literary texts were produced and consumed, this work unlocks the distinctive social practices, economic structures and modes of behaviour that give these texts their meaning.

Rhetoric, political engagement and More's Utopia Thomas Wilson opened his
treatise on The Arte of Rhetorique (1553) – the first English manual of eloquence
to be arranged on classical lines – by drawing a distinction between 'infinite' and '
definite' questions. The former were abstract considerations, such as 'whether it
be best to marie, or to live single'. The latter focused on particulars; for example, '
whether now it be best here in Englande, for a Prieste to Marie, or to live single'.

Medieval Adaptation, Settlement and Economy of a Coastal Wetland

The Evidence from Around Lydd, Romney Marsh, Kent

Romney Marsh is the largest coastal lowland on the south coast of England. Since 1991 excavations in advance of gravel extraction around Lydd on Romney Marsh, have uncovered large areas of medieval landscape, one of the largest to be exposed in southern England. Features uncovered include 12th-13th century drainage ditches, ditched field systems and sea defences. Also of particular significance is the identification of a series of occupation sites and their enclosures. The excavation of dispersed settlements is particularly difficult, because of the scale of work required to produce meaningful results. In this case it has been possible to work on sufficiently large areas to allow significant conclusions to be drawn. The excavations at Lydd Quarry have shown how dispersed settlement existed alongside the nucleated market settlements on Romney Marsh. This extensive report details the archaeological investigations of the field systems and occupation sites, finds and environmental material. There is also a section by Sheila Sweetinburgh on the documentary evidence. Two final chapters set out broader conclusions from the evidence for the field systems, settlements, and economy, and set the area in its wider context. The research has provided an unprecedented opportunity to study reclamation, occupation and economy of a large tract of marginal landscape through a considerable period of time.

The closest parallel is that of the predominantly 14th century East Sussex fabric
known as 'Winchelsea Black', although it is not dissimilar to other fine textured
greywares made in the Brede valley (Barton 1979) and indeed the Limpsfield
area of Surrey (Prendergast 1974). Rigold (1964, fabric b) ascribed similar wares
at New Romney to this Kent-Surrey border source. However, considering the
geographical location of Lydd Quarry, a Winchelsea source is considered more
likely.

Polybius and His World

Essays in Memory of F.W. Walbank

Polybius and his World honours F. W. Walbank's achievement by bringing together a number of leading scholars in the fields of Hellenistic historiography and history.

All references in this chapter are to Walbank's own publications unless specified;
Walbank's papers are referred to by their first date of publication in English. 2
1992a: 76–7. The memoir covers Walbank's life until 1946; Walbank's extensive
papers, lodged in the University of Liverpool's Sydney Jones Library, include
notes preparatory to a subsequent memoir, 'Summary of years 1946–1977': SCA
D1037/2/3/21/57. 3 Explored by Henderson 2001a. 4 2002: 2. Five vols. 1.
Introduction: ...